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14-September-2008 18:02:40 - Lisinopril Lisinopril Systematic IUPAC name 1-6-amino-2- 1-carboxy-3-phenyl-propyl amino-hexanoylpyrrolidine- 2-carboxylic acid dihydrate Identifiers CAS number 83915-83-7 ATC code C09AA03 PubChem 5362119 DrugBank APRD00560 Chemical data Formula C21H31N3O5 Mol. mass 405.488 g/mol SMILES eMolecules PubChem Pharmacokinetic data Bioavailability approx. 25%, but wide range between individuals 6 to 60% Protein binding 0 Metabolism None Half life 12 hours Excretion Eliminated unchanged in Urine Therapeutic considerations Pregnancy cat. D - teratogenic Legal status ℞ Prescription only Routes ? Lisinopril lye-SIN-o-pril is a drug of the angiotensin converting enzyme ACE inhibitor class that is primarily used in treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, heart attacks and also in preventing renal and retinal complications of diabetes. It has been compared with omapatrilat which is of similar function. Historically, lisinopril was the third ACE inhibitor, after captopril and enalapril, and was introduced into therapy in the early 1990s.1 Lisinopril has a number of properties that distinguish it from other ACE inhibitors: it is hydrophilic, has long half-life and tissue penetration and is not metabolized by the liver. Contents 1 Pharmacology 2 Clinical use 3 Adverse effects 4 History/brand names 5 References 6 Footnotes 7 External links 8 See also Pharmacology Lisinopril is the lysine-analog of enalapril. Unlike other ACE inhibitors, lisinopril is not a prodrug and is excreted unchanged in the urine. In cases of overdosage, it can be removed from circulation by dialysis. Clinical use Its indications, contraindications and side effects are as those for all ACE inhibitors. Its long half-life allows for once a day dosing which aids patient compliance. The usual daily dose in all indications ranges from 2.5 mg in sensitive patients to 40 mg. Some patients have been treated with 80 mg daily and have tolerated this high dose well. Lower dosages must be used in patients with higher grade renal impairment glomerular filtration rate GFR lower than 30 ml/min. Adverse effects Rare, serious side effects that would require immediate medical attention include: chills, infection dark urine, decreased urination oliguria difficulty swallowing or breathing, allergic reaction anaphylaxis hoarseness itching rapid weight gain, stomach pain yellowing of skin or eyes jaundice Less severe side effects of moderate concern include: abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting chest pain or tightness, dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting syncope fever joint pain rash The following side effects are common and likely to improve with time: cough diarrhea, loss of taste, nausea drowsiness, headache, tiredness Lisinopril causes the kidneys to retain potassium, which may lead to hyperkalemia. History/brand names Lisinopril was developed by Merck Co. and is marketed worldwide as Prinivil or Tensopril and by AstraZeneca as Zestril. In India it is marketed by Micro Labs as Hipril. Like other ACE inhibitors, it is derived from the venom of the jararaca, a Brazilian pit viper Bothrops jararaca. References Bussien JP, Waeber B, Nussberger J, Gomez HJ, Brunner HR. Once-daily lisinopril in hypertensive patients: Effect on blood pressure and the renin-angiotensin system. Curr Therap Res 1985;37:342-51. Lisinopril info - rx-list.com Goodman Gilman's : The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 10th. ed., 2001 Lisinopril.com - Lisinopril information Footnotes ^ Patchett A, Harris E, Tristram E, Wyvratt M, Wu M, Taub D, Peterson E, Ikeler T, ten Broeke J, Payne L, Ondeyka D, Thorsett E, Greenlee W, Lohr N, Hoffsommer R, Joshua H, Ruyle W, Rothrock J, Aster S, Maycock A, Robinson F, Hirschmann R, Sweet C, Ulm E, Gross D, Vassil T, Stone C 1980. A new class of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Nature 288 5788: 280-3. doi:10.1038/288280a0. PMID 6253826. External links Prescribing Information for ZESTRIL Tablets This pharmacology-related article is a stub. See also Omapatrilat v d e Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system C09 ACE inhibitors Alacepril Benazepril Captopril Cilazapril Delapril Enalapril Fosinopril Imidapril Lisinopril Moexipril Perindopril Quinapril Ramipril Rentiapril Spirapril Temocapril Trandolapril Zofenopril Angiotensin II receptor antagonists AIIRA Azilsartan Candesartan Eprosartan Irbesartan Losartan Olmesartan Tasosartan Telmisartan Valsartan Renin inhibitors Aliskiren Remikiren Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Lisinopril Categories: Pharmacology stubs | ACE inhibitors Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Deutsch Español Hrvatski Italiano Magyar Nederlands Polski This page was last modified on 19 July 2008, at 14:2
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