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14-September-2008 18:02:48 - Ovary For ovary as part of plants, see ovary plants. Ovary Internal reproductive organs of human female Latin ovarium Gray's subject #266 1254 Artery ovarian artery, uterine artery Vein ovarian vein Nerve ovarian plexus Lymph lumbar lymph nodes MeSH Ovary Dorlands/Elsevier o_09/12603251 An ovary is an ovum-producing reproductive organ found in female organisms. It is often found in pairs as part of the vertebrate female reproductive system. Ovaries in females are homologous to testes in males. The term gonads refers to the ovaries in females and testes in males. Contents 1 Human anatomy 1.1 Ligaments 1.2 Extremities 1.3 Histology 2 See also 3 Additional images 4 References 5 External links 6 See also Human anatomy Ovaries are oval shaped and, in the human, measure approximately 3 cm x 1.5 cm x 1.5 cm. The ovary for a given side is located in the lateral wall of the pelvis in a region called the ovarian fossa. The fossa usually lies beneath the external iliac artery and in front of the ureter and the internal iliac artery. Each ovary is then attached to the Fimbre of the Fallopian Tube. Usually each ovary takes turns releasing eggs every month; however, if there was a case where one ovary was absent or dysfunctional then the other ovary would continue providing eggs to be released. Ligaments In the human the paired ovaries lie within the pelvic cavity, on either side of the uterus, to which they are attached via a fibrous cord called the ovarian ligament. The ovaries are uncovered in the peritoneal cavity but are tethered to the body wall via the suspensory ligament of the ovary. The part of the broad ligament of the uterus that covers the ovary is known as the mesovarium. Extremities There are two extremities to the ovary: The end to which the uterine tube attach is called the tubal extremity. The other extremity is called the uterine extremity. It points downward, and it is attached to the uterus via the ovarian ligament. Histology Section of the ovary of a newly born child. Germinal epithelium is seen at top. Primitive ova are seen in their cell-nests. The Genital cord or genital ridge is still discernible in this young child. A blood vessel and an ovarian follicle is also seen Section of the ovary of a newly born child. Germinal epithelium is seen at top. Primitive ova are seen in their cell-nests. The Genital cord or genital ridge is still discernible in this young child. A blood vessel and an ovarian follicle is also seen The outermost layer is called the germinal epithelium. The tunica albuginea covers the cortex. The ovarian cortex consists of ovarian follicles and stroma in between them. Included in the follicles are the cumulus oophorus, membrana granulosa and the granulosa cells inside it, corona radiata, zona pellucida, and primary oocyte. The zona pellucida, theca of follicle, antrum and liquor folliculi are also contained in the follicle. Also in the cortex is the corpus luteum derived from the follicles. The innermost layer is the ovarian medulla. It can be hard to distinguish between the cortex and medulla, but follicles are usually not found in the medulla. See also Ovarian disease Additional images Uterus and uterine tubes Organs of the female reproductive system. Ovary An ovary about to release an egg. Vessels of the uterus and its appendages, rear view. Broad ligament of adult, showing epoöphoron. Uterus and right broad ligament, seen from behind. Female pelvis and its contents, seen from above and in front. Arteries of the female reproductive tract: uterine artery, ovarian artery and vaginal arteries. References This article or section includes a list of references or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. You can improve this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. June 2008 External links 1 From the American Medical Association 2 Merck Online Medical Library: Female Reproductive System See also Look up Ovary in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Oophorectomy Menopause Ovum Corpus luteum Cervix Vagina v d e Female reproductive system Adnexa Follicles/Folliculogenesis corpus hemorrhagicum, luteum, albicans Theca folliculi externa, interna Follicular antrum Follicular fluid Corona radiata Zona pellucida Membrana granulosa Granulosa cells Ovaries/Oogenesis Germinal epithelium Tunica albuginea cortex Cumulus oophorus, Stroma Medulla Fallopian tubes Isthmus Ampulla Infundibulum Fimbria Ligaments Broad components: Mesovarium, Mesosalpinx, Mesometrium contents: Round of uterus, Proper of ovary Suspensory of ovary Cardinal Uterus corpus/body Cavity of the body, Fundus cervix/neck External orifice - Canal of the cervix, Internal orifice layers Endometrium, Myometrium, Perimetrium Uterine horns Vulva/mons pubis Vagina vestibular glands/ducts Bartholin's glands/Bartholin's ducts, Skene's glands/Skene's ducts Fossa of vestibule of vagina Vaginal fornix Hymen Orifice Labium commissures Anterior Posterior Frenulum labiorum pudendi Labia majora Cleft of venus Labia minora Vulval vestibule interlabial sulci Clitoris Vestibular bulbs Clitoral crura Corpus cavernosa Clitoral glans Frenulum, Hood Breast Mammary glands Nipple Areola Lactiferous duct Cooper's ligaments Vestiges Wolffian Gartner's duct, Epoophoron, Paroöphoron Canal of Nuck Other G-spot Urethral sponge v d e Human anatomy, endocrine system: endocrine glands Hypothalamic/ pituitary axes Thyroid axis Thyroid gland Parafollicular cell, Thyroid epithelial cell, Thyroid isthmus, Lobes of thyroid gland, Pyramid of thyroid Parathyroid gland Oxyphil cell, Chief cell Adrenal axis Adrenal gland Gonadal axis Testes - Ovaries - Corpus luteum Pineal gland Pinealocyte Islets of pancreas Alpha cell - Beta cell - Delta cell - PP cell - Epsilon cell Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Ovary Categories: Organs | Endocrine system | Gynecology | Female reproductive system | PelvisHidden category: Articles lacking in-text citations Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages العربية Bosanski Brezhoneg БългарÑ?ки Català Česky Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Þ‹Þ¨ÞˆÞ¬Þ€Þ¨Þ„Þ¦Þ?Þ° Español Esperanto Français Galego í•œêµì–´ Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Ã?slenska Italiano עברית Basa Jawa Latina Lietuvių МакедонÑ?ки Nederlands 日本語 ‪Norsk bokmÃ¥l‬ ‪Norsk nynorsk‬ Polski Português Runa Simi РуÑ?Ñ?кий Simple English SlovenÄ?ina SlovenÅ¡Ä?ina СрпÑ?ки / Srpski Srpskohrvatski / СрпÑ?кохрватÑ?ки Suomi Svenska Tagalog தமிழà¯? తెలà±?à°—à±? Türkçe УкраїнÑ?ька ä¸æ–‡ This page was last modified on 9 September 2008, at 17:44
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