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14-September-2008 18:02:40 - Ramipril November 2007 Ramipril Systematic IUPAC name 1S,5S,7S-8-2S-2-1S-1-ethoxycarbonyl-3-phenyl- propylaminopropanoyl-8-azabicyclo3.3.0octane-7- carboxylic acid Identifiers CAS number 87333-19-5 ATC code C09AA05 PubChem 5362129 DrugBank APRD00009 Chemical data Formula C23H32N2O5 Mol. mass 416.511 g/mol SMILES eMolecules PubChem Pharmacokinetic data Bioavailability 28% Protein binding 73% ramipril 56% ramiprilat Metabolism Hepatic, to ramiprilat Half life 2 to 4 hours Excretion Renal 60% and fecal 40% Therapeutic considerations Pregnancy cat. D Legal status POMUK ℞-onlyUS Routes Oral Ramipril marketed as Tritace/Ramace or Altace is an angiotensin-converting enzyme ACE inhibitor, used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure. ACE inhibitors lower the production of angiotensin II, therefore relaxing arterial muscles while at the same time enlarging the arteries, allowing the heart to pump blood more easily, and increasing blood flow due to more blood being pumped into and through larger passageways. Ramipril is a prodrug and is converted to the active metabolite ramiprilat by liver esterase enzymes. Ramiprilat is mostly excreted by the kidneys. The half-life of ramiprilat is variable 3-16 hours, and is prolonged by heart and liver failure, as well as kidney failure. It is marketed by King Pharmaceuticals under the brand name Altace and was protected by the U.S. Patent No. 5,061,722 was scheduled to expire on 29th Oct, 2008 assigned to Aventis. On September 11, 2007 in an appeal by Lupin Pharmaceuticals the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit reversed a district court trial verdict, finding that Aventis's patent on Altace was invalid for obviousness - opening the gate of this medicine to generic manufacturers. Contents 1 Indications 2 Cautions 3 Contraindications 4 Side-effects 5 Dose 6 See also 7 External links Indications Indications for its use include: Hypertension; Congestive heart failure; Following myocardial infarction in patients with clinical evidence of heart failure; Susceptible patients over 55 years: prevention of myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular death or need of revascularization procedures. Cautions Do not take potassium supplements without seeking medical advice. Do not take during pregnancy Contraindications Renovascular disease, severe renal impairment especially in patients with one kidney or with bilateral renal artery stenosis, volume-depleted patients, history of angioedema while on an ACE inhibitor, pregnancy, hypotension. Side-effects may cause swelling of the mouth, tongue, or throat low blood sugar in patients taking other medicine for diabetes which shows as sweating or shakiness Dry cough may develop, dizziness, and light-headedness due to low blood pressure. It is recommended to start treatment with the lowest dose. Dose Patients are started on the lowest dose and titrated up every 1 - 2 weeks as required. See also Hypertension Hypotension Heart failure Chest pain External links Altace ramipril, a registered trademark of King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. v d e Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system C09 ACE inhibitors Alacepril Benazepril Captopril Cilazapril Delapril Enalapril Fosinopril Imidapril Lisinopril Moexipril Perindopril Quinapril Ramipril Rentiapril Spirapril Temocapril Trandolapril Zofenopril Angiotensin II receptor antagonists AIIRA Azilsartan Candesartan Eprosartan Irbesartan Losartan Olmesartan Tasosartan Telmisartan Valsartan Renin inhibitors Aliskiren Remikiren Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Ramipril Categories: ACE inhibitors | ProdrugsHidden category: Articles needing additional references from November 2007 Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages العربية Deutsch Hrvatski Italiano Magyar This page was last modified on 12 August 2008, at 22:1
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