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14-September-2008 18:02:41 - Transferase In biochemistry, a transferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a functional group e.g. a methyl or phosphate group from one molecule called the donor to another called the acceptor. For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a transferase: A-X + B → A + B-X In this example, A would be the donor, and B would be the acceptor. The donor is often a coenzyme. Nomenclature Proper names of transferases are formed as donor:acceptor grouptransferase. However, other names are much more common. The common names of transferases are often formed as acceptor grouptransferase or donor grouptransferase. For example, a DNA methyltransferase is a transferase that catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group to a DNA acceptor. Classification Transferases are classified as EC 2 in the EC number classification. Transferases can be further classified into nine subclasses: EC 2.1 includes enzymes that transfer one-carbon groups methyltransferase EC 2.2 includes enzymes that transfer aldehyde or ketone groups EC 2.3 includes acyltransferases EC 2.4 includes glycosyltransferases EC 2.5 includes enzymes that transfer alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups EC 2.6 includes enzymes that transfer nitrogenous groups transaminase EC 2.7 includes enzymes that transfer phosphorus-containing groups phosphotransferase, including polymerase and kinase EC 2.8 includes enzymes that transfer sulfur-containing groups sulfurtransferase and sulfotransferase EC 2.9 includes enzymes that transfer selenium-containing groups References EC 2 Introduction from the Department of Chemistry at Queen Mary, University of London v d e Proteins: enzymes Topics Active site - Allosteric regulation - Binding site - Catalytically perfect enzyme - Coenzyme - Cofactor - Cooperativity - EC number Enzyme catalysis - Enzyme inhibitor - Enzyme kinetics - Lineweaver-Burk plot - Michaelis-Menten kinetics - List of enzymes Types EC1 Oxidoreductases/list - EC2 Transferases/list - EC3 Hydrolases/list - EC4 Lyases/list - EC5 Isomerases/list - EC6 Ligases/list v d e Transferase: one carbon transferases EC 2.1 2.1.1 - Methyltransferases N-methyltransferase: Histamine N-methyltransferase - Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase - Tryptamine N-methyltransferase - Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase O-methyltransferase: 5-hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase/Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase - Catechol-O-methyl transferase homocysteine methyltransferase: Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase - Homocysteine methyltransferase - 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase Other: Phosphatidyl ethanolamine methyltransferase - DNMT3B - Histone methyltransferase - Thymidylate synthase - DNA methyltransferase 2.1.2 - Hydroxy methyl-, Formyl- and Related Transferases Serine hydroxymethyltransferase - Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase - Inosine monophosphate synthase - Glutamate formimidoyltransferase - Aminomethyltransferase 2.1.3 - Carboxy- and Carbamoyl transferases Ornithine transcarbamylase 2.1.4 - Amidino transferases Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase v d e Aldehyde-ketone transferases EC 2.2 2.2.1 Acetolactate synthase - Transaldolase - Transketolase - DXP synthase v d e Transferases: acyltransferases EC 2.3 2.3.1: other than amino-acyl groups mostly acetyltransferases N-Acetylglutamate synthase - Choline acetyltransferase - Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase - Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase - Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase - Beta-galactoside transacetylase - Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase CPT1, CPT2 - Acyltransferase like 2 - Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase - Aminolevulinic acid synthase - Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase - Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase - Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase - Histone acetyltransferase P300/CBP - Serotonin N-acetyl transferase - Serine C-palmitoyltransferase SPTLC1, SPTLC2 - HGSNAT 2.3.2 - Aminoacyltransferases Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase - Peptidyl transferase - Transglutaminase Tissue transglutaminase, Keratinocyte transglutaminase, Factor XIII 2.3.3 - converted into alkyl on transfer Citrate synthase - ATP citrate lyase - HMG-CoA synthase v d e Transferases: glycosyltransferases EC 2.4 2.4.1 - Hexosyltransferases Glucosyltransferase Phosphorylase Starch, Glycogen, Myo- - Glycogen synthase - Debranching enzyme - Branching enzyme - 1,3-beta-glucan synthase - Ceramide glucosyltransferase Galactosyltransferase Lactose synthase - B-N-acetylglucosaminyl-glycopeptide b-1,4-galactosyltransferase Glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A1 - UGT2B7 - Hyaluronan synthase Fucosyltransferase POFUT1 - POFUT2 2.4.2 - Pentosyltransferases ADP ribose Cholera toxin - Diphtheria toxin - Pertussis toxin - Poly ADP ribose polymerase Other Purine nucleoside phosphorylase - Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase - Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase - Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase - Amidophosphoribosyltransferase - Xylosyltransferase v d e Alkyl and aryl transferases EC 2.5 Dimethylallyltranstransferase - Thiaminase I - Methionine adenosyltransferase - Riboflavin synthase - Dihydropteroate synthetase - Spermidine synthase - Glutathione S-transferase - Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase - Spermine synthase - Alkylglycerone phosphate synthase - Farnesyltransferase - Geranylgeranyltransferase type 1 - Porphobilinogen deaminase v d e Transferase: transaminases EC 2.6 Aspartate transaminase - Alanine transaminase - GABA transaminase - Tyrosine aminotransferase - Ornithine aminotransferase - Branched chain aminotransferase v d e Transferases: Phosphotransferases/kinases EC 2.7 2.7.1 - OH acceptor Hexo- - Gluco- - Fructo- Hepatic fructo- - Galacto- - Phosphofructo- 1, 2 - Riboflavin - Shikimate - Thymidine - NAD+ - Glycerol - Pantothenate - Mevalonate - Pyruvate - Deoxycytidine - PFP - Diacylglycerol - Bruton's tyrosine - Phosphoinositide 3 Class I PI 3, Class II PI 3 - Sphingosine 2.7.2 - COOH acceptor Phosphoglycerate - Aspartate 2.7.3 - N acceptor Creatine 2.7.4 - PO4 acceptor Phosphomevalonate - Adenylate - Nucleoside-diphosphate 2.7.6 - P2O7 Ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase - Thiamine pyrophosphokinase 2.7.7 - nucleotidyl- Integrase - PNPase - Polymerase - RNase PH - UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase - Galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase -Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase - RNA replicase - Reverse transcriptase Telomerase - Transposase 2.7.8 - other phos. N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase 2.7.10-11 - protein Tyrosine - Serine/threonine-specific v d e Sulfur-containing group transferases / sulfotransferases EC 2.8 Alcohol sulfotransferase - Tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Transferase Categories: Transferases Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages العربية БългарÑ?ки ÄŒesky Deutsch Español Français Italiano עברית Lietuvių Nederlands 日本語 Polski Português РуÑ?Ñ?кий Svenska 䏿–‡ This page was last modified on 21 July 2008, at 20:27
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