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08-SEPTEMBER-2008 07:42:01 - repair-deficiency disorder Redirected from Accelerated aging disease DNA repair-deficiency disorder Classification and external resources MeSH D049914 An DNA repair-deficiency disorder is a medical condition due to reduced functionality of DNA repair. DNA repair defects are seen in nearly all of the diseases described as accelerated aging disease, in which various tissues, organs or systems of the human body age prematurely. Because the accelerated aging diseases display different aspects of aging, but never every aspect, they are often called segmental progerias by biogerontologists. Contents 1 Examples 2 DNA repair defects distinguished from accelerated aging 3 Debate concerning accelerated aging 4 See also 5 References 6 External links Examples Some of the examples include: Ataxia telangiectasia1 Bloom syndrome Cockayne's syndrome Progeria Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome23 Rothmund-Thomson syndrome45 Trichothiodystrophy6 Werner syndrome Xeroderma pigmentosum DNA repair defects distinguished from accelerated aging Most of the DNA repair deficiency diseases show varying degrees of accelerated aging or cancer usually some of both. But elimination of any gene essential for base excision repair kills the embryo -- it is too lethal to display symptoms much less symptoms of cancer or accelerated aging7. Rothmund-Thomson syndrome and xeroderma pigmentosum display symptoms dominated by vulnerability to cancer, whereas progeria and Werner syndrome show the most features of accelerated aging. Herary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer HNPCC is very often caused by a defective MSH2 gene leading to defective mismatch repair, but displays no symptoms of accelerated aging8. Some DNA repair defects manifest as neurodegeneration rather than as cancer or accelerated aging9. Debate concerning accelerated aging Some biogerontologists question that such a thing as accelerated aging actually exists, at least partly on the grounds that all of the so-called accelerated aging diseases are segmental progerias. Many disease conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, etc. are associated with increased mortality. Without reliable biomarkers of aging it is hard to justify the claim that a disease condition represents more than accelerated mortality10. Against this position other biogerontologists argue that premature aging phenotypes are identifiable symptoms associated with mechanisms of molecular damage. The fact that these phenotypes are widely recognized justifies classification of the relevant diseases as accelerated aging11. Such conditions, it is argued, are readily distinguishable from genetic diseases associated with increased mortality, but not associated with an aging phenotype, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia. It is further argued that segmental aging phenotype is a natural part of aging insofar as genetic variation leads to some people being more disposed than others to aging-associated diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease12. See also Biogerontology Degenerative disease Genetic disorder Senescence References ^ Biton S, Dar I, Mittelman L, Pereg Y, Barzilai A, Shiloh Y 2006. Nuclear ataxia-telangiectasia mutated ATM mediates the cellular response to DNA double strand breaks in human neuron-like cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry 281 25: 17482-17491. PMID 16627474. ^ Manju K, Muralikrishna B, Parnaik VK 2006. Expression of disease-causing lamin A mutants impairs the formation of DNA repair foci. Journal of Cell Science 119 Pt 13: 2704-2714. PMID 16772334. ^ Scaffidi P, Misteli T 2006. Lamin A-dependent nuclear defects in human aging. Science journal 312 5776: 1059-1063. PMID 16645051. ^ Brosh RM Jr, Bohr VA 2007. Human premature aging, DNA repair and RecQ helicases. Nucleic Acids Research 35 22: 7527-7544. PMID 18006573. ^ Kitao S, Shimamoto A, Goto M, Miller RW, Smithson WA, Lindor NM, Furuichi Y 1999. Mutations in RECQL4 cause a subset of cases of Rothmund-Thomson syndrome. Nature genetics 22 1: 82-84. PMID 10319867. ^ Kleijer WJ, Laugel V, Berneburg M, et al May 2008. Incidence of DNA repair deficiency disorders in western Europe: Xeroderma pigmentosum, Cockayne syndrome and trichothiodystrophy. DNA Repair Amst. 7 5: 744-50. doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2008.01.014. PMID 18329345. ^ Hasty P, Campisi J, Hoeijmakers J, van Steeg H, Vijg J 2003. Aging and genome maintenance: lessons from the mouse?. Science journal 299 5611: 1355-1359. PMID 12610296. ^ Mazurek A, Berardini M, Fishel R 2002. Activation of human MutS homologs by 8-oxo-guanine DNA damage. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 10: 8260-8266. PMID 111756455. ^ Rass U, Ahel I, West SC 2007. Defective DNA repair and neurodegenerative disease. Cell journal 130 6: 991-1004. PMID 17889645. ^ Miller RA 2004. 'Accelerated aging': a primrose path to insight?. AGING CELL 3 2: 47-51. PMID 15038817. ^ Hasty P, Vijg J 2004. Accelerating aging by mouse reverse genetics: a rational approach to understanding longevity. AGING CELL 3 2: 55-65. PMID 15038819. ^ Hasty P, Vijg J 2004. Rebuttal to Miller: 'Accelerated aging': a primrose path to insight?'. AGING CELL 3 2: 67-69. PMID 15038820. External links Segmental Progeria v d e Congenital malformations and deformations of integument Q80-Q84, 757 Skin disease Congenital ichthyosis Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis - Harlequin type ichthyosis - Ichthyosis lamellaris - Ichthyosis vulgaris - Netherton syndrome - X-linked ichthyosis - Zunich-Kaye syndrome Epidermolysis bullosa Epidermolysis bullosa simplex - Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica Pigmentation disorder Incontinentia pigmenti - Urticaria pigmentosa DNA repair-deficiency disorder Bloom syndrome - Rothmund-Thomson syndrome - Xeroderma pigmentosum Ectodermal dysplasia Naegeli syndrome/Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis - Hay-Wells syndrome - Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia - Focal dermal hypoplasia Elastic fiber/Connective tissue Cutis laxa - Pseudoxanthoma elasticum Hyperkeratosis/keratinopathy Meleda disease - Keratosis pilaris - Darier's disease - Dyskeratosis congenita Other Familial cutaneous papillomatosis - Kindler syndrome - Port-wine stain - cadherin EEM syndrome - immune system Herary lymphedema, Mastocytosis - Hailey Hailey Skin appendages Nail disease Leukonychia - Pachyonychia congenita Hair disease Monilethrix - Sabinas brittle hair syndrome see also non-congenital, neoplasia Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/DNA_repair-deficiency_disorder Categories: Congenital disorders | Causes of death | Genetic disorders Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages 日本語 This page was last modified on 5 July 2008, at 19:39
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