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08-SEPTEMBER-2008 07:42:01 - Action philosophy Merge arrows It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Actus et potentia. Discuss In philosophy, action has developed into a sub-field called philosophy of action. Action is what an agent can do. For example, throwing a ball is an instance of action; it involves an intention, a goal, and a bodily movement guided by the agent. On the other hand, catching a cold is not considered an action because it is something which happens to a person, not something done by one. Generally an agent doesn't intend to catch a cold or engage in bodily movement to do so though we might be able to conceive of such a case. Other events are less clearly defined as actions or not. For instance, distractedly drumming ones fingers on the table seems to fall somewhere in the middle. Deciding to do something might be considered a mental action by some. However, others think it is not an action unless the decision is carried out. Unsuccessfully trying to do something might also not be considered an action for similar reasons for e.g. lack of bodily movement. It is contentions whether Believing, intending, and thinking are actions since they are mental events. Some would prefer to define actions as requiring bodily movement see behaviorism. The side-effects of actions are considered by some to be part of the action; in an example from Anscombe's manuscript Intention, pumping water can also be an instance of poisoning the inhabitants. This introduces a moral dimension to the discussion see also Moral agency. If the poisoned water resulted in a death, that death might be considered part of the action of the agent that pumped the water. Whether a side-effect is considered part of an action is especially unclear in cases in which the agent isn't aware of the possible side effects. For example, an agent that accidentally cures a person by administering a poison he was intending to kill him with. A primary concern of philosophy of action is to analyze the nature of actions and distinguish them from similar phenomena. Other concerns include individuating actions, explaining the relationship between actions and their effects, explaining how an action is related to the beliefs and desires which cause and/or justify it see practical reason, as well as examining the nature of agency. A primary concern is the nature of free will and whether actions are determined by the mental states that precede them see determinism.Some philosophers for e.g. Donal Davidson have argued that the mental states the agent invokes as justifying his action are physical states that cause the action. Problems have been raised for this view because the mental states seem to be reduce to mere physical causes. Their mental properties don't seem to be doing any work. If the reasons an agent cites as justifying his action, however, are not the cause of the action, they must explain the action in some other way or be causally impotent. See also Action theory Enactivism Praxeology Social action External links Action entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy by George Wilson Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Action_philosophy Categories: All articles to be merged | Action | Philosophical terminology | MetaphysicsHidden category: Articles to be merged since June 2008 Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Deutsch Français Lietuvių Nederlands O'zbek Português РуÑ?Ñ?кий СрпÑ?ки / Srpski ייִדיש This page was last modified on 7 July 2008, at 01:10
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