Sierra Acai Company
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20-September-2008 09:55:55 - Cytisine Cytisine IUPAC name 1R,5S-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro- 1,5-methano-8H-pyrido1,2a1,5 diazocin-8-one Other names Cytisine Baptitoxine Sophorine Identifiers CAS number 485-35-8 SMILES O=c1cccc2C3CNCCC3Cn21 InChI 1/C11H14N2O/c14- 11-3-1-2-10-9-4-8 5-12-6-97-1310 11/h1-3,8-9,12H,4-7H2 Properties Molecular formula C11H14N2O Molar mass 190.24 g/mol Melting point 152-153 °C Boiling point 218 °C at 2 mmHg Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 °C, 100 kPa Infobox references Cytisine is a toxic pyridine-like alkaloid. Pharmacologically it exhibits similar effects to nicotine due to structural similarity of the two molecules. In large doses it can interfere with respiration and become fatal. Contents 1 Sources 2 Uses 3 References 4 External links Sources Plants that contain the alkaloid in various concentrations include those from several genera of the Faboideae subfamily, including Laburnum, Anagyris, Thermopsis, Cytisus, Genista and Sophora. Also present in Gymnocladus of the Caesalpinioideae subfamily. MÄ?mane Sophora chrysophylla can contain amounts of cytisine that are lethal to most animals. The palila a bird and Uresiphita polygonalis virescens as well as Cydia species moths, and possibly sheep and goats are not affected by the toxin for various reasons and utilize mÄ?mane, or parts thereof, as food. U. p. virescens caterpillars are possibly able to sequester the cytisine to give themselves protection from getting eaten; they have aposematic coloration which would warn off potential predators.Banko et al. 2002 Uses Cytisine is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, and as a pharmaceutical preparation it is available for the treatment of nicotinism. Cytisine derivative varenicline was approved in 2006 as a smoking cessation drug. A 2006 literature review concludes that while trials performed with cytisine itself are mostly of poor quality, there is some evidence that cytisine may be prescribed to aid in smoking cessation.1 Plants containing cytisine, including the Common Broom and Mescalbean have also been used recreationally. Positive effects are reported to include a mild intoxication and heightened awareness of color. However this practice is not recommended since negative side-effects can include nausea, vomiting, convulsions, heart pain, headache and in larger doses even death via respiratory failure. References Banko, P.; Cipollini, M.L.; Breton, G.; Paulk, E.; Wink, M. Izhaki, I. 2002: Seed chemistry of Sophora chrysophylla Mamane in relation to the diet of the specialist seed predator Loxioides bailleui Palila in Hawai'i. Journal of Chemical Ecology 287: 1393-1410.doi:10.1023/A:1016248502927 PDF fulltext ^ Etter JF. Cytisine for smoking cessation; a literature review and a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2006;166:1553-9. PMID 16908787. External links Shaman Australis Cytisine pharmacology and information on substance availability in various plants. Erowid Library: Golden Guide Hallucinogenic Plants by Richard Evans Schultes More on the dangerous effects of cytisine on health and respiration. The Vaults of Erowid : Legal Highs by Adam Gottlieb Information on recreational use. Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Cytisine Categories: Alkaloids | Nicotinic agonists Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages БългарÑ?ки Deutsch Español Nederlands Polski Română РуÑ?Ñ?кий This page was last modified on 1 June 2008, at 11:32
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So many of us do not eat a balanced diet, get enough sleep, have too much stress, or are impacted with toxins and pollutants. Drinking 2 ounces of MonaVie twice a day will help your body detoxify as well as build your immune system. Its the smartest thing you can do for yourself, so start today. Buying MonaVie through our company guarantees you support 7 days a week and, if you would like to share MonaVie with your family and friends we will guide you from start to finish.
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