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20-September-2008 09:55:48 - Ethacrynic acid Ethacrynic acid Systematic IUPAC name 2-2,3-dichloro-4-2-methylidenebutanoyl phenoxy acetic acid Identifiers CAS number 58-54-8 ATC code ? PubChem 3278 DrugBank APRD00251 Chemical data Formula C13H12Cl2O4 Mol. mass 303.137 g/mol Pharmacokinetic data Bioavailability ? Protein binding 98% Metabolism ? Half life ? Excretion ? Therapeutic considerations Pregnancy cat. ? Legal status Routes ? Ethacrynic acid trade name Edecrin is a loop diuretic medication used to treat high blood pressure and the swelling caused by diseases like congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. Unlike the other loop diuretics, ethacrynic acid is not a sulfonamide and thus, its use is not contraindicated in those with sulfa allergies. Ethacrynic acid is a phenoxyacetic acid derivative containing a ketone and a methylene group. A cysteine adduct is formed with the methylene group and this is the active form. Administration 25 mg and 50 mg tablets are available for oral use. The sodium salt ethacrynate sodium can also be given intravenously. Side effects As a diuretic, ethacrynic acid can cause frequent urination, but this usually resolves after taking the drug for a few weeks. Ethacrynic acid can also cause low potassium levels, which may manifest as muscle cramps or weakness. It has also been known to cause reversible or permanent hearing loss and liver damage. On oral administration, it produces diarrhea; intestinal bleeding may occur at higher doses. Mechanism of action Acts by inhibiting sodium-potassium-chloride cotransport in the ascending loop of Henle. Loss of potassium ions is less marked but chances of hypochloremic alkalosis are greater. The dose response curve of ethacrynic acid is steeper than that of furosemide and, in general, it is less manageable; dose range is 50-150mg. Ethacrynic acid and its glutathione-adduct are potent inhibitors of Glutathione S-transferase family members, which are enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. Tablets This pharmacology-related article is a stub. v d e Antihypertensives C02 and diuretics C03 Sympatholytic agents Centrally acting/antiadrenergics α2 agonist Clonidine, Guanfacine, Methyldopa imidazoline receptor agonist Moxonidine, Rilmenidine adrenergic uptake inhibitor Rescinnamine, Reserpine Ganglion-blocking/nicotinic antagonist Mecamylamine, Trimethaphan Peripherally acting/antiadrenergics α1 blockers: Prazosin Indoramin Trimazosin Doxazosin Urapidil Guanidine derivatives: Betanidine Guanethidine Guanoxan Debrisoquine Guanoclor Guanazodine Guanoxabenz Vasodilators Diazoxide hydrazinophthalazine Hydralazine, Dihydralazine, Endralazine, Cadralazine Minoxidil Nitroprusside Phentolamine Other antihypertensives serotonin antagonist Ketanserin endothelin receptor antagonist Bosentan, Ambrisentan, Sitaxsentan MAOI Pargyline THI Metirosine Diuretics Low ceiling Thiazides at DCT Bendroflumethiazide Hydroflumethiazide Hydrochlorothiazide Chlorothiazide Polythiazide Trichlormethiazide Cyclopenthiazide Methyclothiazide Cyclothiazide Mebutizide Sulfonamides Quinethazone Clopamide Chlortalidone Mefruside Clofenamide Metolazone Meticrane Xipamide Indapamide Clorexolone Fenquizone Other Mersalyl Theobromine Cicletanine osmotic Mannitol, Urea carbonic anhydrase inhibitor at PT Acetazolamide High ceiling Loop diuretic at AL Bumetanide, Furosemide, Torasemide, Ethacrynic acid Potassium-sparing at CD ESC blockers Amiloride, Triamterene aldosterone antagonists Spironolactone, Eplerenone, Potassium canrenoate, Canrenone Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Ethacrynic_acid Categories: Loop diuretics | Pharmacology stubs Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Deutsch Español Italiano Polski This page was last modified on 31 July 2008, at 23:10
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