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20-September-2008 09:55:54 - Kidd antigen system The Kidd antigen system also known as Jk antigen is present on the membranes of red blood cells and the kidney and helps determine a person's blood type. The Jk antigen is found on a protein responsible for urea transport in the red blood cells and the kidney.1 The gene encoding this protein is found on chromosome 18.2 Two common Jk alleles are Jka and Jkb. Individuals who lack the Jk antigen Jk null are unable to maximally concentrate their urine.3 The Jk antigen is important in transfusion medicine. People with two Jka antigens, for instance, may form antibodies against donated blood containing two Jkb antigens and thus no Jka antigens. This can lead to hemolytic anemia, in which the body destroys the transfused blood, leading to low red blood cell counts. Another disease associated with the Jk antigen is hemolytic disease of the newborn, in which a pregnant woman's body creates antibodies against the blood of her fetus, leading to destruction of the fetal blood cells. HDN associated with Jk antibodies is typically mild, though fatal cases have been reported.4 References Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' OMIM 111000 - OMIM page on the Kidd antigen system protein ^ Olives B, Mattei MG, Huet M, Neau P, Martial S, Cartron JP, Bailly P. Kidd blood group and urea transport function of human erythrocytes are carried by the same protein. J Biol Chem. 1995 Jun 30;27026:15607-10. PMID 7797558 ^ Geitvik GA, Hoyheim B, Gedde-Dahl T, Grzeschik KH, Lothe R, Tomter H, Olaisen B. The Kidd JK blood group locus assigned to chromosome 18 by close linkage to a DNA-RFLP. Hum Genet. 1987 Nov;773:205-9. PMID 2890568 ^ Sands JM, Gargus JJ, Frohlich O, Gunn RB, Kokko JP. Urinary concentrating ability in patients with Jka-b- blood type who lack carrier-mediated urea transport. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1992 Jun;212:1689-96. PMID 1498276 ^ Kim WD, Lee YH. A fatal case of severe hemolytic disease of newborn associated with anti-Jkb. J Korean Med Sci. 2006 Feb;211:151-4. PMID 16479082 External links Kidd at BGMUT Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database at NCBI, NIH v d e Transfusion medicine General concepts Apheresis Plasmapheresis, Plateletpheresis, Leukapheresis - Blood transfusion - Coombs test - Cross-matching - Exchange transfusion - International Society of Blood Transfusion - Intraoperative blood salvage - ISBT 128 - Transfusion reactions Human blood group systems - Blood type ABO - Chido-Rodgers - Colton - Cromer - Diego - Dombrock - Duffy - Gerbich - GIL - Hh - Ii - Indian - JMH - Kell Xk - Kidd - Knops - LW - Lewis - Lutheran - MNS - OK - P - Raph - Rh - Scianna - T-Tn - Xg - Yt - Other Blood products Blood donation - Blood substitutes - Cryoprecipitate - Platelets - Plasma - Red blood cells - Whole blood Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Kidd_antigen_system Categories: Blood antigen systems | Transfusion medicine Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page This page was last modified on 10 December 2007, at 12:50
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