Sierra Acai Company
Sierra Acai Company
Open 7 Days a Week
MonaVie Independent Distributor
Distributor Training
Shop Online
Enroll Now
Buy Wholesale and maintain an Active status for 2 months and we will refund your $39 Distributor Fee
Friends
Buy Wholesale and maintain an Active status for 2 months and we will refund your $39 Distributor Fee
20-September-2008 09:55:58 - Sympathomimetic drug Redirected from Sympathomimetic Epinephrine Epinephrine Norepinephrine Norepinephrine Dopamine Dopamine Chemical structures of catecholamines. Sympathomimetic drugs are substances that mimic the effects of the catecholamines epinephrine adrenaline, norepinephrine noradrenaline, and/or dopamine. Such drugs are used to treat cardiac arrest, low blood pressure, or even delay premature labor, among other things. These drugs act at the postganglionic sympathetic terminal,1 either directly activing postsynaptic receptors, blocking breakdown and reuptake, or stimulating production and release of catecholamines. Contents 1 Mechanisms of action 1.1 Direct-acting 1.1.1 Adrenergic receptor agonists 1.1.2 Dopaminergic agonists 1.2 Indirect-acting 1.2.1 Norepinephrine transporter blockade 1.2.2 Inhibition of epinephrine and norepinephrine metabolism 2 Cross-reactivity 3 See also 4 References 5 External links Mechanisms of action The mechanisms of sympathomimetic drugs can be direct-acting, such as α-adrenergic agonists, β-adrenergic agonists, dopaminergic agonists; or indirect-acting, such as MAOIs, COMTs, release stimulants, and reuptake inhibitors. Direct-acting Adrenergic receptor agonists Main article: Adrenergic agonist Direct stimulation of the α- and β-adrenergic receptors can produce sympathomimetic effects. Albuterol is a very commonly used direct-acting β2-agonist. Other examples include phenylephrine, isoproterenol, and dobutamine. Dopaminergic agonists Stimulation of the D1 receptor by dopaminergic agonists such as fenoldopam is used intravenously to treat hypertensive crisis. Indirect-acting Norepinephrine transporter blockade Classical sympathomimetic drugs are amphetamines including MDMA, ephedrine and cocaine, which act by blocking and reversing norepinephrine transporter NET activity. NET is a transport protein expressed on the surface of some cells that clears noradrenaline and adrenaline from the extracellular space and into cells, terminating the signaling effects. Inhibition of epinephrine and norepinephrine metabolism Inhibition of norepinephrine or epinephrine metabolism can produce sympathomimetic effects. Both are mainly metabolized by the enzyme monoamine oxidase, the monoamine oxidase inhibitor MAOI drugs can induce such effects. COMT inhibitors can also decrease metabolism of norepinephrine and epinephrine. Cross-reactivity Substances like cocaine also affect dopamine, and some substances like MDMA affect serotonin. Norepinephrine is synthesized by the body into epinephrine, causing central nervous system stimulation. Thus, all sympathomimetic amines fall into the larger group of stimulants see psychoactive drug chart. Many of these stimulants have therepeutic use and abuse potential, can induce tolerance, and possibly physical dependence. See also Sympathetic nervous system References ^ Dorlands Medical Dictionary:sympathomimetic. External links MeSH Amines,+Sympathomimetic Sympathomimetic+amine at eMedicine Dictionary Sympathomimetic at eMedicine Dictionary v d e Receptor agonists, antagonists, and reuptake inhibitors BA/M 5-HT serotonin receptor Serotonin receptor agonist 5-HT4 Serotonin antagonist 5-HT3 Serotonin uptake inhibitor SSRI Dopamine receptor Dopamine agonist Dopamine antagonist Dopamine reuptake inhibitor Adrenergic receptor Adrenergic agonist Alpha, Beta 1/2 Adrenergic antagonist Alpha 1/2, Beta Adrenergic uptake inhibitor Histamine receptor Histamine agonist Histamine antagonist H1, H2, H3 AA GABA receptor GABA agonist GABA antagonist Glutamate receptor NMDA receptor NMDA receptor antagonist AMPA receptor Ampakine Excitatory amino acid agonist Excitatory amino acid antagonist ANS Acetylcholine receptor Cholinergic Muscarinic, Nicotinic Anticholinergic Muscarinic, Nicotinic/Ganglionic blocker/Neuromuscular-blocking drugs Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor Adrenergic receptor SANS only -- see above for details PANS Parasympathomimetic Cholinergic, Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor - Parasympatholytic Anticholinergic, Ganglionic blocker SANS Sympathomimetic Adrenergic agonist, Monoamine oxidase inhibitor - Sympatholytic Adrenergic antagonist, Alpha blocker, Ganglionic blocker v d e Sympathomimetic amines R01, A08 and others Alpha-pyrrolidinopropiophenone Aminorex d-Amphetamine l,d-Amphetamine d-Methamphetamine l-Methamphetamine Benzylpiperazine Cathinone CFT Chlorphentermine Clobenzorex Cocaine Cocaethylene Cyclopentamine Desoxypipradrol Diethylpropion Ephedrine 4-FMP 4-MTA Fencamfamine Fenfluramine Fenproporex Mazindol MDPV 4-Methyl-aminorex Methylone Methylphenidate Ethylphenidate Naphazoline Pemoline Phendimetrazine Phenmetrazine Phentermine Phenylephrine Pipradrol Pseudoephedrine Pyrovalerone Sibutramine Synephrine See also amphetamines v d e Psychoanaleptics: psychostimulants, agents used for ADHD and nootropics N06B Centrally acting sympathomimetics Amphetamine - Amphetaminil - Atomoxetine - Dextroamphetamine - Dextromethamphetamine - Fencamfamin - Fenozolone - Fenetylline - Methylphenidate - Mesocarb - Pemoline - Pipradrol - Prolintane Xanthine derivatives Caffeine - Propentofylline Glutamate receptor Racetams Aniracetam - Nefiracetam - Oxiracetam - Phenylpiracetam - Piracetam - Pramiracetam Ampakines CX-516 - CX-546 - CX-614 - CX-691 - CX-717 - IDRA-21 - LY-503,430 - PEPA Eugeroics / Benzhydryl compounds Adrafinil - Armodafinil - Modafinil Histamine H3 receptor antagonists ABT-239 - Ciproxifan Other psychostimulants and nootropics Acetylcarnitine - Citicoline - Cyprodenate - Idebenone - Ispronicline - Deanol - Dimebon - Fipexide - Linopirdine - Meclofenoxate - Nizofenone - Pirisudanol - Pyritinol - Sulbutiamine - Taltirelin - Tricyanoaminopropene - Vinpocetine v d e Decongestants and other nasal preparations R01 Topical Sympathomimetics, plain Cyclopentamine - Ephedrine - Phenylephrine - Oxymetazoline - Tetryzoline - Xylometazoline - Naphazoline - Tramazoline - Metizoline - Tuaminoheptane - Fenoxazoline - Tymazoline - Epinephrine Antiallergic agents, excluding corticosteroids Spaglumic acid histamine antagonists Levocabastine, Antazoline, Thonzylamine mast cell stabilizer some are also antihistamines Cromoglicic acid, Nedocromil, Azelastine, Olopatadine Corticosteroids Beclometasone - Prednisolone - Dexamethasone - Flunisolide - Budesonide - Betamethasone - Tixocortol - Fluticasone - Mometasone furoate - Triamcinolone - Ciclesonide Other nasal preparations Calcium hexamine thiocyanate - Retinol - Ipratropium bromide - Ritiometan - Mupirocin - Hexamidine - Framycetin Systemic use: Sympathomimetics Phenylpropanolamine - Pseudoephedrine - Phenylephrine v d e Ophthalmologicals: antiglaucoma preparations and miotics S01E Sympathomimetics Apraclonidine Brimonidine Clonidine Dipivefrine Epinephrine Parasympathomimetics M: Aceclidine Pilocarpine M/N: Acetylcholine Carbachol AI: Demecarium Echothiophate Stigmine Fluostigmine, Neostigmine, Physostigmine Paraoxon Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors Acetazolamide Brinzolamide Diclofenamide Dorzolamide Methazolamide Beta blocking agents Befunolol Betaxolol Carteolol Levobunolol Metipranolol Timolol Prostaglandin analogues Bimatoprost Latanoprost Travoprost Unoprostone Other agents Dapiprazole Guanethidine v d e Ophthalmologicals: mydriatics and cycloplegics S01F Anticholinergics/antimuscarinics Atropine - Scopolamine - Methylscopolamine - Cyclopentolate - Homatropine - Tropicamide Sympathomimetics Phenylephrine - Ephedrine - Ibopamine Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Sympathomimetic_drug Categories: Sympathetic nervous system | Sympathomimetic amines Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Deutsch Español Français ‪Norsk bokmÃ¥l‬ Polski Português SlovenÄ?ina Suomi This page was last modified on 9 August 2008, at 21:0
39 Reasons to Drink Acai Juice Every Day
What is MonaVie - Watch the 8-minute video
Discovering MonaVie video
The Power of You video
Log into your Wholesale MonaVie Account
So many of us do not eat a balanced diet, get enough sleep, have too much stress, or are impacted with toxins and pollutants. Drinking 2 ounces of MonaVie twice a day will help your body detoxify as well as build your immune system. Its the smartest thing you can do for yourself, so start today. Buying MonaVie through our company guarantees you support 7 days a week and, if you would like to share MonaVie with your family and friends we will guide you from start to finish.
1. Click on Enroll Now (30 - 55% off retail price)
2. Pay $39 for your Wholesale ID number.
3. NO minimum order required.
4. MonaVie is delivered to your door in 3 to 5 days.