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08-SEPTEMBER-2008 09:13:22 - Nonclassic eicosanoid Nonclassic eicosanoids are biologically active signaling molecules made by oxygenation of twenty-carbon fatty acids other than the classic eicosanoids. Terminology Main article: Eicosanoid Eicosanoid is the collective1 term for oxygenated derivatives of three different 20-carbon essential fatty acids-Eicosapentaenoic acid EPA, Arachidonic acid AA and Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid DGLA. Current usage limits the term to the leukotrienes LT and three types of prostanoids-prostaglandins PG prostacyclins PGI, and thromboxanes TX. However, several other classes can technically be termed eicosanoid, including the hepoxilins, resolvins, isofurans, isoprostanes, lipoxins, epi-lipoxins, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids EETs and endocannabinoids. LTs and prostanoids are sometimes termed 'classic eicosanoids' 234 in contrast to the 'novel', 'nonclassic' or 'eicosanoid-like' eicosanoids.5678 The classic eicosanoids are autocrine and paracrine mediators, active at micromolar concentrations or lower, produced with high stereospecificity. They are produced from EPAs chiefly AA from either cyclooxygenase COX or 5-lipoxygenase. Broadly, the nonclassic eicosanoids are the products of 20-carbon EFAs and 9 Other oxygenation enzymes, hepoxilins, resolvins, lipoxins, epi-lipoxins, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids EETs; Uncatalyzed oxygenation reactions, isofurans, isoprostanes, phytoprostanes; Addition reactions other than oxygenation endocannabinoids. Also included are Side products from the classic eicosanoid biosynthesis, levuglandins, Oxo-eicosanoidss; Reactions between other 20-carbon fatty acids and these pathways the COX products of pinolenic and mead acid. See also Docosanoids References ^ Funk, Colin D. 30 November 2001. Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes: Advances in Eicosanoid Biology. Science 294 5548: 1871-1875. doi:10.1126/science.294.5548.1871. Retrieved on 2007-01-08. ^ Van Dyke TE, Serhan CN 2003. Resolution of inflammation: a new paradigm for the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. J. Dent. Res. 82 2: 82-90. PMID 12562878. Retrieved on 2007-10-28. ^ Serhan CN, Gotlinger K, Hong S, Arita M 2004. Resolvins, docosatrienes, and neuroprotectins, novel omega-3-derived mediators, and their aspirin-triggered endogenous epimers: an overview of their protective roles in catabasis. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 73 3-4: 155-72. PMID 15290791. Retrieved on 2007-10-28. ^ Anderle P, Farmer P, Berger A, Roberts MA 2004. Nutrigenomic approach to understanding the mechanisms by which dietary long-chain fatty acids induce gene signals and control mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis. Nutrition Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif. 20 1: 103-8. PMID 14698023. Retrieved on 2007-10-28. ^ Evans AR, Junger H, Southall MD, et al 2000. Isoprostanes, novel eicosanoids that produce nociception and sensitize rat sensory neurons. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 293 3: 912-20. PMID 10869392. Retrieved on 2007-10-28. ^ O'Brien WF, Krammer J, O'Leary TD, Mastrogiannis DS 1993. The effect of acetaminophen on prostacyclin production in pregnant women. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 168 4: 1164-9. PMID 8475962. ^ Behrendt H, Kasche A, Ebner von Eschenbach C, Risse U, Huss-Marp J, Ring J 2001. Secretion of proinflammatory eicosanoid-like substances precedes allergen release from pollen grains in the initiation of allergic sensitization. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 124 1-3: 121-5. PMID 11306946. Retrieved on 2007-11-02. ^ Sarau HM, Foley JJ, Schmidt DB, et al 1999. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological characterization of SB 201993, an eicosanoid-like LTB4 receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory activity. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 61 1: 55-64. PMID 10477044. Retrieved on 2007-11-02. ^ Cyberlipid Center accessdate=2007-11-02. Prostanoids and Related Products. This biochemistry article is a stub. Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Nonclassic_eicosanoid Categories: Eicosanoids | Biochemistry stubs Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page This page was last modified on 15 July 2008, at 21:50
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