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14-September-2008 12:50:19 - Activities of daily living Contents 1 Basic ADLs 2 Instrumental ADLs 3 References 4 See also This article is about activities of daily living. For the activities of living model, see Roper-Logan-Tierney model of nursing. Activities of daily living ADLs are the things we normally do in daily living including any daily activity we perform for self-care such as feeding ourselves, bathing, dressing, grooming, work, homemaking, and leisure. 1 Health professionals routinely refer to the ability or inability to perform ADLs as a measurement of the functional status of a person.2 This measurement is useful for assessing the elderly, the mentally ill, those with chronic diseases, and others, in order to evaluate what type of health care services an individual may need. There are several evaluation tools, such as the Katz ADL scale and the Lawton IADL scale. Most models of health care service use ADL evaluations in their practice, including the medical or institutional models, such as the Roper-Logan-Tierney model of nursing, and resident-centered models, such as the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly PACE. In the US, most medical insurance policies will not cover assistance with performing ADLs, whereas such assistance is often covered by policies specific to long-term care. Basic ADLs The basic activities of daily living consist of these self-care tasks:3 Bathing Dressing and undressing Eating Transferring from bed to chair, and back Voluntarily control urinary and fecal discharge Using the toilet Walking not bedridden Instrumental ADLs Instrumental activities of daily living are not necessary for fundamental functioning, but enable the individual to live independently within a community:4 Light housework Preparing meals Taking medications Shopping for groceries or clothes Using the telephone Managing money Occupational therapists also evaluate IADLs when completing patient assessments. These include 11 areas of IADLs that are generally optional in nature, and can be delegated to others:5 Care of others including selecting and supervising caregivers Care of pets Child rearing Communication device use Community mobility Financial management Health management and maintenance Meal preparation and cleanup Safety procedures and emergency responses Shopping References ^ MedicineNet.com Medical Dictionary ^ Activities of Daily Living Evaluation. Encyclopedia of Nursing Allied Health. Ed. Kristine Krapp. Gale Group, Inc., 2002. eNotes.com. 2006.Enotes Nursing EncyclopediaAccessed on: 11 Oct, 2007 ^ McDowell, I., and Newell, C. 1996. Measuring Health: A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires, 2nd ion. New York: Oxford University Press ^ Bookman, A., Harrington, M., Pass, L., Reisner, E. 2007. Family Caregiver Handbook. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. ^ Occupational therapy practice framework: Domain and process. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 56, 609-637 See also Assisted living Care of residents Global Assessment of Functioning Nursing home Long-term care Long term care insurance Occupational therapy Physical therapy Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Activities_of_daily_living Categories: Physical therapy | Occupational therapy | Nursing theory | Rehabilitation medicine | Therapy Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Dansk Deutsch Français עברית Nederlands 日本語 Svenska This page was last modified on 22 July 2008, at 18:09
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