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14-September-2008 12:50:20 - Ambassador This article or section includes a list of references or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. You can improve this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. For other uses, see Ambassador disambiguation. Look up Ambassador in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. An ambassador is the highest ranking diplomat who represents their country. Usually Ambassadors are accred to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization, to serve as the official representative of his or her own country. Sometimes countries also appoint highly respected individuals as Ambassador at Large who are assigned specific responsibilities and they work to advise and assist their governments in a given area. In everyday usage it applies to the ranking government representative stationed in a foreign capital. The host country typically allows the ambassador control of specific territory called an embassy, whose territory, staff, and even vehicles are generally afforded diplomatic immunity in the host country. The senior diplomatic officers among members of the Commonwealth of Nations are known as High Commissioners, who are the heads of High Commissions. Representatives of the Holy See are known as Papal or Apostolic Nuncios. Resident Coordinator of UN system are accred to the Head of State and have the same rank. Historically, officials representing their countries abroad were termed ministers, but this term was also applied to diplomats of the second rank. The Congress of Vienna of 1815 formalized the system of diplomatic rank under international law: Ambassadors are ministers of the highest rank, with plenipotentiary authority to represent their head of state. In modern usage, most Ambassadors on foreign postings as head of mission carry the full title of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary. Ordinary Ambassadors and non-plenipotentiary status are rarely used, although they may be encountered in certain circumstances. Contents 1 Resident Ambassador 2 Ambassador at Large 2.1 Extraordinary postings 2.2 Lists of ambassadors 3 Non-diplomatic ambassadorships 4 See also 5 Relevant Books 6 External links Resident Ambassador Moreover, a Resident Ambassador is one who resides within the country to which she is accred. A Non-Resident Ambassador does not reside within the country to which she is accred but lives in a nearby country. Thus, a resident ambassador to a country might at the same time also be a non-resident ambassador to one or more other countries; this may be phrased as Ambassador to ... with concurrent accration to another country. Ambassador at Large Ambassador-at-Large is a Diplomat of the Highest rank and/ or a Minister who is accred to represent his country. But unlike the Resident Ambassador who is usually limited to a countryand/or embassy, the Ambassador-at-large is entrusted to operate in several usually neighbouring countries, a Region or sometimes a seat of international organizations like the United Nations/ European Union. In some cases an Ambassador at Large may even be specifically assigned a role to Advise and Assist the State or Government in particular issues. Historically, Presidents or Prime Ministers have designated special diplomatic envoys for specific assignments, primarily overseas but sometimes also within the country as Ambassadors-at-Large. Among European powers, the ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary French ambassadeur extraordinaire et plénipotentiaire or German außerordentlicher und bevollmächtigter Botschafter was historically deemed the personal representative of the Sovereign, and the custom of dispatching ambassadors to the head of state rather than the government has persisted. For example, ambassadors to and from the United Kingdom are accred to or from the Royal Court of St. James's referring to St. James's Palace. Because 33 members of the Commonwealth of Nations have or had a common head of state, they do not exchange ambassadors, but instead have High Commissioners which represent the government, rather than the head of state. In diplomatic usage, High Commissioner is considered an equivalent rank and role to an Ambassador. Ranking below full ambassador are the rank of Envoy, Minister resident and Chargé d'affaires. They represent their government rather than their head of state. For further details, see diplomatic rank. While the title generally reflects the Ambassador's position as head of a diplomatic mission, in some countries the term may also represent a rank held by career diplomats, as a matter of internal promotion, regardless of the posting, and in many national careers it is quite common for them to be appointed to other functions, especially within the ministry/ministries in charge of foreign affairs, in some countries in systematic alteration with actual postings. The formal form of address for an ambassador is generally the form that would be used to address a head of state: Your/His/Her Excellency followed by name and/or the country represented. In many countries, less formal variations are frequently used, such as Ambassador followed by name, or the name followed by Ambassador of.... In the United States, Mr. Ambassador may be used. In some countries, a former Ambassador may continue to be styled and addressed as Ambassador throughout his or her life in the United States, Mr. Ambassador or equivalent terms for females may be heard. In other countries, Ambassador is a title that accrues to the individual only with respect to a specific position, and may not be used after leaving the position. Some countries do not use the term while an Ambassador is in the home country, as the individual is not an Ambassador there; for example, a Canadian Ambassador while in Canada is not generally addressed as Ambassador, although he or she may be referred to as Canadian Ambassador to ..., that is, with reference to a specific job function; they are never addressed or styled as Ambassador after leaving a position or retiring. Extraordinary postings Not unlike many diplomats of the lower rank of Resident Minister or the usually full rank of high commissioner, or in other circumstances a Consular representative, an ambassador can in specific historical conditions be entrusted with a task that is no less administrative than diplomatic, such as representing the protector in a protectorate of the subordinate kind, e.g. posted by France in the Saar rather a mandate territory by another name, in part of Germany. Lists of ambassadors List of Ambassadors from Angola List of Ambassadors from Serbia List of Ambassadors from Ethiopia List of High Commissioners and Ambassadors from Australia List of Ambassadors from Egypt List of Ambassadors from Finland List of Israeli Ambassadors and List of Israeli ambassadors to the United States Ambassadors of the United States List of ambassadors to the United States List of Ambassadors and High Commissioners to and from New Zealand List of Ambassadors and High Commissioners to Canada List of Ambassadors and High Commissioners to the United Kingdom List of heads of missions from the United Kingdom List of Permanent Representatives to the United Nations Non-diplomatic ambassadorships In a less formal sense, the word is used for high-profile non-diplomatic representative of various entities rarely states, mainly cultural and charitable organisations, often as willing figure heads to attract media attention, e.g. film and pop stars makes appeals to the public at large for UNESCO activities see UNESCO Goodwill Ambassadors, sometimes during press-swarmed visits in the field. In French speaking regions such as France, Wallonia or Quebec, the title of ambassadeur person. See also Diplomatic rank Consulate general High Commissioner Nuncio Minister Plenipotentiary Relevant Books Rana, K.2004.The 21st Century Ambassador: Plenipotentiary to Chief Executive DiploFoundation ISBN 99909-55-18-2 External links EmbassyPages.com - Embassies and Consulates Around the World Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Ambassador Categories: Ambassadors | Diplomats by role | Government occupationsHidden category: Articles lacking in-text citations Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages العربية БългарÑ?ки ÄŒesky Dansk Deutsch Eesti Español Esperanto Français Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית LatvieÅ¡u Lietuvių Nederlands 日本語 ‪Norsk bokmÃ¥l‬ Polski Português РуÑ?Ñ?кий Simple English SlovenÅ¡Ä?ina СрпÑ?ки / Srpski Suomi SlovenÄ?ina Svenska Türkçe ä¸æ–‡ This page was last modified on 13 September 2008, at 21:55
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