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14-September-2008 12:50:23 - Bhavacakra For other uses, see wheel of life disambiguation. Tibetan Bhavacakra in Sera, Lhasa. Tibetan Bhavacakra in Sera, Lhasa. The Bhavacakra Sanskrit; Devanagari: à¤à¤µà¤šà¤•à¥?र; Pali: bhavacakka or Wheel of Becoming Tibetan སྲིད་པའི་འà½?ོར་ལོ་ srid pa'i 'khor lo is a complex symbolic representation of saṃsÄ?ra in the form of a circle Sanskrit: mandala; Tibetan: 'khor.lo, used primarily in Tibetan Buddhism. SaṃsÄ?ra is the continuous cycle of birth, life, and death from which one liberates oneself through enlightenment. Legend has it that the Buddha himself created the first depiction of the bhavacakra, and the story of how he gave the illustration to King RudrÄ?yaṇa appears in the anthology of Buddhist narratives called the Divyavadana. In the Buddhist depiction, different karmic actions contribute to one's metaphorical existence in different realms, or rather, different actions contribute to one's characteristics similarity to those of the realms. Leading from the human realm to the outside of the wheel depicts the Buddhist path. Epstein 1995, p.15-16 The Bhavacakra is sometimes displayed with five sections, but the more recent and more common form has six sections. The areas between the six spokes represent the six forms of unenlightened existence.1 Contents 1 Names of the Bhavacakra 2 The Six-section Bhavacakra 2.1 Background 2.2 Outer rim 2.3 Six Worlds 2.4 Hub 3 See also 4 Notes 5 References 6 External links Names of the Bhavacakra The Bhavacakra is also called: Part of a series on Buddhism Portal of Buddhism History Timeline - Buddhist councils Major Figures Gautama Buddha Disciples · Later Buddhists Concepts Four Noble Truths Noble Eightfold Path Karma - Nirvana Three marks of existence Skandha · Cosmology Samsara · Rebirth · Dharma Dependent Origination Practices and Attainment Buddhahood · Bodhisattva Four Stages of Enlightenment PÄ?ramitÄ?s · Mation · Laity Precepts · Three Jewels Countries and Regions Bhutan · Cambodia · China India · Indonesia · Japan Korea · Laos · Malaysia Mongolia · Burma · Nepal Russia · Singapore · Sri Lanka Thailand · Tibet · Vietnam Western countries Schools TheravÄ?da · MahÄ?yÄ?na VajrayÄ?na Early and Pre-sectarian Texts Pali Canon · Tibetan Canon Chinese Canon Related topics Comparative Studies Cultural elements This box: view talk Wheel of life Wheel of existence Wheel of becoming2 Wheel of rebirth Wheel of saṃsÄ?ra Wheel of suffering Wheel of transformation The Six-section Bhavacakra The diagram of the Bhavacakra has six sections or sometimes five, as described in more detail below. Background The Bhavacakra is represented as being held by the jaws, hands, and feet of a fearsome figure who turns the wheel. The exact identity of the figure varies. A common choice for the figure is Yama, the god of death or Kala the lord of time. This figure is also known as the Face of Glory or Kirtimukha. There is always a figure or symbol in the upper left and the upper right. The exact figure or symbol varies; common examples include the moon, a buddha, or a bodhisattva. In the picture of the Tibetan Bhavacakra in Sera, Lhasa the clouds take the shapes of certain Buddhist symbols, eg. svastika. Outer rim The outer rim of the wheel is divided into twelve sections and given such names as the Twelve Interdependent Causes and Effects or the Twelve Links of Causality. Ignorance is the first of the 12 causes and conditions, both of our rebirth and of maturing any karma within our dependent existence. Different causes can overlap in different stages and even mature in next existences - lives. Yet the turning of the wheel goes onward. The twelve causal links are: 1 ignorance; 2 volitional action or conditioning; 3 consciousness; 4 name and form; 5 six sensory organs i.e. eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind; 6 contact or touch; 7 sensation; 8 desire, craving, thirst; 9 grasping; 10 becoming or existence; 11 birth; 12 decay and death. Six Worlds The wheel is divided into six sections which represent the Six realms or Worlds of Existence. These Six Worlds are: The World of Devas or Gods The World of Asuras Tibetan: lha ma yin; Sanskrit: asura Demigods, Titans, Fighting Demons The World of Humans The World of Animals The World of Pretas hungry ghosts The World of Hell ibid, with different order The World of Devas is always at the very top of the wheel. The World of Asuras and the World of Humans are always in the top half of the wheel, bordering the World of Devas on opposite sides, but which of the two is on the left and which is on the right varies leading to two different arrangements of the wheel. The World of Animals and the World of Hungry Ghosts is always in the bottom half of the wheel, with the World of Animals bordering the World of Humans and the World of Hungry Ghosts bordering the World of Asuras. Between the World of Animals and the World of Hungry Ghosts, at the very bottom of the wheel, is the World of Hell. Sometimes, the wheel is represented as only having five sections because the World of the Devas and the World of the Asuras are combined into a single world. In Buddhist representations of the wheel, within each of the Six Realms, there is always at least one buddha or bodhisattva depicted, trying to help sentient beings find their way to nirvana ibid. Hub The rim of the hub has a clear binary demarcation of black and white. An exoteric exegesis holds that one side is the White Path or Path of Bliss and represents how sentient beings may move upward to the Godly Realms; the other side is the Dark Path which represents how sentient beings may move downward to the Hellish Realms. A more esoteric exegesis is that it represents the Right-handed Path and the Left-handed Path of Tantra, not in opposition but as complements in unity. In the hub, the center of the wheel, the Three Poisons Sanskrit: mula-kleÅ›a are sometimes personified as the boar, serpent and fowl or iconographically by the gankyil; delusion, hatred and greed respectively. The Three Poisons are turning in a 'Wheel of Woe', each consuming and energised by the poison affronting them and being consumed by that which they affront in turn each of the Poisons has one of the other Poisons in its mouth. Alternatively, they are the 'evils' which are responsible for the trapping of sentient beings within the Six Realms. See also Six realms Buddhist cosmology Buddhist symbolism Notes ^ cf. D.Donath, Buddhism for the West, pp.59-60. ^ Gethin 1998, pp. 158-9. References Donath, Dorothy C. 1971. Buddhism for the West: TheravÄ?da, MahÄ?yÄ?na and VajrayÄ?na; a comprehensive review of Buddhist history, philosophy, and teachings from the time of the Buddha to the present day. Julian Press. ISBN 0-07-017533-0. Epstein, Mark 1995. Thoughts Without a Thinker: Psychotherapy from a Buddhist Perspective. BasicBooks. ISBN 0-465-03931-6. Gethin, Rupert 1998. Foundations of Buddhism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-289223-1. External links Interactive Tour of the Wheel of Life The Wheel of Existence or, of Rebirth The Wheel of Suffering The Tangka in Detail. Asia. Victoria and Albert Museum. Retrieved on 2007-07-13. v d e Buddhism Portal Concepts History - Timeline Schools Texts Countries - Regions Culture Lists: Temples - People - Topics v d e Buddhism topics History Timeline · Gautama Buddha · Buddhist councils · History of Buddhism in India · Decline of Buddhism in India · Ashoka the Great · Greco-Buddhism · Silk Road transmission of Buddhism Foundations Three Jewels Buddha, Dharma, Sangha · Four Noble Truths · Noble Eightfold Path · Nirvana · Middle Way Key Concepts Three Marks of Existence: Impermanence, Suffering, Not-self · Dependent Origination · Five Aggregates · Karma · Vipaka · Rebirth · Samsara · Defilements · Five Hindrances · Ten Fetters · Enlightenment Qualities · Perfections · JhÄ?na · Sense Bases · Four Great Elements · Renunciation · Bodhi · Parinirvana · Two truths doctrine · Emptiness · Bodhicitta · Bodhisattva · Buddha-nature · Bhumi · Trikaya Cosmology Ten spiritual realms · Six Realms Hell, Animal realm, Hungry Ghost realm, Asura realm, Human realm, Heaven · Three Spheres Practices Threefold Training: Morality, Concentration, Wisdom · Buddhist devotion · Taking refuge · Four Divine Abidings: Loving-kindness, Compassion, Sympathetic joy, Equanimity · Mindfulness · Merit · Puja: Offerings, Prostration, Chanting · Paritta · Generosity · Morality: Five Precepts, Eight Precepts, Ten Precepts, Bodhisattva vows, Patimokkha · Bhavana · Mation: Kammaá¹á¹hÄ?na, Recollection, Mindfulness of Breathing, Serenity mation, Insight mation, Shikantaza, Zazen, KÅ?an, Mandala, Tonglen, Tantra Attainment Types of Buddha · Bodhisattva · Four stages of enlightenment: Stream-enterer, Once-returner, Non-returner, Arahant Monasticism Monk · Nun · Novice monk · Novice nun · Anagarika · Ajahn · Sayadaw · Zen master · Roshi · Lama · Rinpoche · Geshe · Tulku · Householder · Lay follower · Disciple · Ngagpa Texts Tipitaka Vinaya Pitaka, Sutta Pitaka, Abhidhamma Pitaka, Commentaries · Mahayana sutras · Chinese Buddhist canon Tripitaka Koreana · Tibetan Buddhist canon Major Figures Gautama Buddha · SÄ?riputta · MahamoggallÄ?na · Ananda · Maha Kassapa · Buddhaghosa · Nagasena · Bodhidharma · Nagarjuna · Asanga · Padmasambhava · Dalai Lama Branches Theravada · Mahayana: Chan/Zen, Pure Land, Tendai, Nichiren, Madhyamaka, Yogacara · Vajrayana: Tibetan Buddhism, Shingon · Early Buddhist schools · Pre-sectarian Buddhism · Basic points unifying Theravada and Mahayana Countries Bhutan · Burma · Cambodia · China · India · Indonesia · Japan · Korea · Laos · Malaysia · Mongolia · Nepal · Russia · Singapore · Sri Lanka · Thailand · Tibet · Vietnam · Western countries Comparative Buddhism Science · Psychology · Hinduism · Jainism · East Asian religions · Christianity · Theosophy · Gnosticism Lists Buddhists · Buddhas · Twenty-eight Buddhas · Bodhisattvas · Temples · Books · Buddhism-related topics · Terms and concepts Miscellaneous topics TathÄ?gata · Maitreya · AvalokiteÅ›vara Guan Yin · AmitÄ?bha · BrahmÄ? · MÄ?ra · Dhammapada · Visuddhimagga · Vinaya · Sutra · Abhidharma · Buddhist philosophy · Eschatology · Reality in Buddhism · God in Buddhism · Liturgical languages: Pali, Sanskrit · Dharma talk · Buddhist calendar · Kalpa · Buddhism and evolution · Buddhism and homosexuality · Fourteen unanswerable questions · Ethics · Culture · Monastic robe · Cuisine · Vegetarianism · Art · Greco-Buddhist art · Buddha statue · Budai · Symbolism Dharmacakra · Flag · Bhavacakra · Mantra Om mani padme hum · Prayer wheel · Mala · Mudra · Holidays · Vesak · Uposatha · Vassa · Architecture: Vihara, Wat, Stupa, Pagoda · Pilgrimage: Lumbini, Bodh Gaya, Sarnath, Kushinagar · Bodhi tree · Mahabodhi Temple · Higher Knowledge · Supernormal Powers · Miracles of the Buddha · Physical characteristics of the Buddha · Family of the Buddha Category · Portal Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Bhavacakra Categories: Buddhist symbols | Jainism | Sanskrit words and phrases | Pali words and phrases | Tibetan Buddhism Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages ÄŒesky Dansk Deutsch Français עברית ‪Norsk nynorsk‬ Polski Tiếng Việt This page was last modified on 31 August 2008, at 00:36
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