Sierra Acai Company
Sierra Acai Company
Open 7 Days a Week
MonaVie Independent Distributor
Distributor Training
Shop Online
Enroll Now
Buy Wholesale and maintain an Active status for 2 months and we will refund your $39 Distributor Fee
Friends
Buy Wholesale and maintain an Active status for 2 months and we will refund your $39 Distributor Fee
14-September-2008 12:50:23 - Biomedical research Biomedical research or experimental medicine, in general simply known as medical research, is the basic research or applied research conducted to aid the body of knowledge in the field of medicine. Medical research can be divided into two general categories: the evaluation of new treatments for both safety and efficacy in what are termed clinical trials, and all other research that contributes to the development of new treatments. The latter is termed preclinical research if its goal is specifically to elaborate knowledge for the development of new therapeutic strategies. The increased longevity of humans over the past century can be significantly attributed to advances resulting from medical research. Among the major benefits have been vaccines for measles and polio, insulin treatment for diabetes, classes of antibiotics for treating a host of maladies, medication for high blood pressure, improved treatments for AIDS, statins and other treatments for atherosclerosis, new surgical techniques such as microsurgery, and increasingly successful treatments for cancer. New, beneficial tests and treatments are expected as a result of the human genome project. Many challenges remain, however, including the appearance of antibiotic resistance and the obesity epidemic. Most of the research in the field is pursued by biomedical scientists in cooperation with molecular biologists. Contents 1 Preclinical research 2 Clinical trials 3 Funding 4 Regulations and guidelines 5 Fields of research 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading Preclinical research Preclinical research is research in basic science, which precedes the clinical trials, and is almost purely based on theory and animal experiments. New treatments come about as a result of other, earlier discoveries - often unconnected to each other, and in various fields. Sometimes the research is done for non-medical purposes, and only by accident contributes to the field of medicine for example, the discovery of penicillin. Clinicians use these discoveries to create a treatment regimen, which is then tested in clinical trials. Clinical trials Main article: Clinical trial A clinical trial is a comparison test of a medication or other medical treatment, versus a placebo, other medications and devices, or the standard medical treatment for a patient's condition. Clinical trials vary greatly in size: from a single researcher in one hospital or clinic to an international multicenter trial with several hundred participating researchers on several continents. The number of patients tested can range from as few as a dozen to several thousands. Funding Main article: Research funding Research funding in many countries comes from research bodies which distribute money for equipment and salaries. In the UK, funding bodies such as the Medical Research Council and the Wellcome Trust derive their assets from UK tax payers, and distribute this to institutions in a competitive manner. In the United States, the most recent data from 20031 suggest that about 94 billion dollars were provided for biomedical research in the United States. The National Institutes of Health and pharmaceutical companies collectively contribute 26.4 billion dollars and 27.0 billion dollars, respectively, which constitute 28% and 29% of the total, respectively. Other significant contributors include biotechnology companies 17.9 billion dollars, 19% of total, medical device companies 9.2 billion dollars, 10% of total, other federal sources, and state and local governments. Foundations and charities, led by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, contributed about 3% of the funding. Regulations and guidelines Medical research is highly regulated. National regulatory authorities oversee and monitor medical research, such as for the development of new drugs. In the USA the Food and Drug Administration oversees new drug development, in Europe the European Medicines Agency see also EudraLex, and in Japan the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Japan. The World Medical Association develops the ethical standards for the medical profession, involved in medical research. The International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use ICH works on the creation of rules and guidelines for the development of new medication, such as the guidelines for Good Clinical Practice GCP. Fields of research Fields of biomedical research include: Public Health Epidemiology Preventive medicine Behavioral health Cancer Aging Endocrinology Neuroendocrinology Diabetes Cellular biology Molecular biology Pharmacology Psychopharmacology Neuroscience Genetics Virology See also Biomedicine Animal testing Human experimentation Medical research scientist Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations USA Biomedical scientist Biomedical informatics Biomedical technology Pharmaceutical company Animals References ^ Moses H, Dorsey E, Matheson D, Thier S 2005. Financial anatomy of biomedical research.. JAMA 294 11: 1333-42. doi:10.1001/jama.294.11.1333. PMID 16174691. Further reading Indrayan A 2004. Elements of medical research.. Indian J Med Res 119 3: 93-100. PMID 15115159. Highleyman L 2006. A guide to clinical trials. Part II: interpreting medical research.. BETA 18 2: 41-7. PMID 16610119. Full text Beyleveld D Pattinson S D 2006. Medical Research into Emergency Treatment: Regulatory Tensions in England and Wales.. Web JCLI 5. full text Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Biomedical_research Categories: Medical research | Health research | Health sciences Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Deutsch Français This page was last modified on 27 August 2008, at 00:37
39 Reasons to Drink Acai Juice Every Day
What is MonaVie - Watch the 8-minute video
Discovering MonaVie Video
The Power of You Video
Effects of MonaVie Active on Antioxidant Capacity in Humans
Log into your Wholesale MonaVie Account
So many of us do not eat a balanced diet, get enough sleep, have too much stress, or are impacted with toxins and pollutants. Drinking 2 ounces of MonaVie twice a day will help your body detoxify as well as build your immune system. Its the smartest thing you can do for yourself, so start today. Buying MonaVie through our company guarantees you support 7 days a week and, if you would like to share MonaVie with your family and friends we will guide you from start to finish.
1. Click on Enroll Now (30 - 55% off retail price)
2. Pay $39 for your Wholesale ID number.
3. NO minimum order required.
4. MonaVie is delivered to your door in 3 to 5 days.