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14-September-2008 12:50:24 - Bokator The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for . Specific concerns may be found on the talk page. See 's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. February 2008 July 2008 Bokator/Boxkator, or more formally, Labokator ល្បុក្កáž?ោ is a Khmer martial art that may be a predecessor of Southeast Asian kickboxing styles. History indicates that Bokator or an early form thereof was the close quarter combat system used by the ancient armies of Angkor. Image:Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg This article contains Indic text. Without rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes or other symbols instead of Indic characters; or irregular vowel positioning and a lack of conjuncts. Angkorian warriors were a key factor in enabling a succession of Angkorian kings to dominate Southeast Asia for more than 600 years beginning in 800 AD. Popular belief is that Jayavarman VII, the ruler of the Khmer Empire, was a practitioner of Bokator.citation needed Bas-relief carvings at the base of the entrance pillars to the Bayon, Jayavarman VII's state temple, depict the various techniques of Bokator. One relief shows two men appearing to grapple, or possibly wrestle, another shows two fighters using their elbows. Both are standard techniques in modern Kun Khmer, or Khmer Boxing. A third depicts a man facing off against a rising cobra and a fourth shows a man fighting a large animal. Unlike kick boxing, which is a sport fighting art, Bokator was a soldier's art, designed to be used on the battlefield. It uses a diverse array of elbow and knee strikes, shin kicks, submissions and ground fighting.citation needed Bokator practitioners are trained to strike with knees, hands, elbows, feet, shins, and head. Even the shoulders, hip, jaw, and fingers can be used to fight an opponent to submission or death. When fighting, Bokator practitioners still wear the uniforms of ancient Khmer armies. A kroma scarf is folded around their waist and blue and red silk cords called sangvar day, are tied around the combatants head and biceps. In the past it is said that the cords were enchanted to increase strength, although now they are just ceremonial. The kroma a cotton scarf worn around the waist shows the fighter's level of expertise. The first grade is white, followed by green, blue, red, brown, and finally black, which has 10 degrees. After completing their initial training, fighters wear a black kroma scarf for at least another ten years. To attain the gold kroma one must be a true master and must have done something great for Bokator. Becoming a true master is most certainly a time-consuming and possibly life-long endeavor: in the unarmed portion of the art alone there are between 8,000 and 10,000 different techniques, only 1,000 of which must be learned to attain the black kroma. The art contains 341 different styles based on the study of life in nature. As examples, there are horse, bird, dragon, eagle, and crane styles, each containing several techniques. Because of its visually similar style, Bokator Boxkator is commonly wrongly described as a variant of modern kick boxing. Bokator has many forms based on traditional animal-based styles as well as straight practical fighting techniques. Pradal Serey is a more simplified freestyle fighting system which uses a few of the basic white kroma punching, elbow, kicking and kneeing techniques Contents 1 History 2 Controversy 3 Animal styles 4 Notes 5 See also 6 External links History Angkor was a wealthy empire that dominated Southeast Asia from 800 AD to 1400 AD. It was a monarchy which ruled a vast hierarchy of officials, elite, peasants and slaves and built some of the most spectacular buildings in the ancient world such as the famous Angkor Wat. The Angkorians were often at war, and often with their Cham neighbours from what is now the area surrounding Saigon in South Vietnam. Warriors fought hand to hand, thus out of necessity giving rise to a highly-developed martial art. The name Bokator is itself a possible indicator of the age of Bokator. Pronounced bok-ah-tau, the word comes from labokator meaning to fight like a lion. The word tau translates as 'lion'. This refers to a story alleged to have happened about 2000 years ago. According to the legend, Bokator can be traced back to a warrior who defeated a lion bare-handed. Lions have never roamed Southeast Asia, although Asiatic lions are found in western India. Indian culture and philosophy were the major influences in Angkor culture. All the great buildings of Angkor are inscribed in Sanskrit and are devoted to Hindu gods, notably Vishnu and Shiva. Religious life was dominated by Brahmins. The concept of the lion and of a martial art named 'striking like a lion' most likely emerged during the reign of the Angkorean kings and this concurrent Indian influence. Martial arts imitating animals have long been practiced in India and it is likely that they had an impact on local fighting styles. The influence of the Brahmins diminished with the rise of Buddhism almost a thousand years ago. At the time of the Pol Pot regime 1975-1979 those who practiced traditional arts were either systematically exterminated by the Khmer Rouge, fled as refugees or stopped teaching and hid. After the Khmer Rouge regime, the Vietnamese occupation of Cambodia began and native martial arts were completely outlawed. San Kim Sean English name order: Sean Kim San is largely cred with reviving Khmer Bokator and is often referred to as the father of modern Bokator in Cambodia 1 During the Pol Pot era, San Kim Sean had to flee Cambodia under accusations by the Vietnamese of teaching Hapkido and Bokator, which he was, and starting to form an army, which he was not. Once in America he started teaching Hapkido at a local YMCA in Houston, Texas and later moved to Long Beach, California. After living in the United States and teaching and promoting Hapkido for a while, he found that no one had ever heard of Bokator. He left the United States in 1992 and returned home to Cambodia to give Bokator back to his people and to do his best to make Bokator known to the world. In 2001 moved back to Phnom Penh and after getting permission from the new king began teaching Bokator to local youth. That same year in the hopes of bringing all of the remaining living masters together he began traveling the country, seeking out Bokator lakrus, or instructors, who had survived the regime. The few men he found were old, ranging from sixty to ninety years of age and weary of 30 years of oppression; many were afraid to teach the art openly. After much persuasion and with government approval, the former masters relented, and Sean effectively reintroduced Bokator to the Cambodian people. The first ever national Bokator competition was held in Phnom Penh at the Olympic Stadium, from September 26-29, 2006. The competition involved 20 lakrus leading teams from 9 provinces. Controversy In the first Bokator national championships, there were complaints how the event hoster, Yuthkun Khmer Foundation, unfairly awarded all prizes to Phnom Penh based fighters. The complaints come from provincial based fighters. An event organizer defends that the judging was fair but provincial club leaders did not know the rules. The event organizer stated that the problem arise due to judges being trained three days before the events. Also, older Bokator enthusiasts felt that the youth's style particularly the ones from Phnom Penh was unauthentic. They felt that they were not true bokator techniques but instead a hybrid between other martial arts. 1 Animal styles White Krama Duck tiea Crab kdam Horse sess Bird preap Naga neak Green Krama Monkey king sdach swaa Lion tor Elephant domrei Apsara Crocodile krapeu Notes ^ Kay Kimsong 2006-10-06. Tournament sets stage to past on fighting traditions in English. The Cambodian Daily. Retrieved on 2008-06-16. See also Khmer Traditional Wrestling Muay Boran Pradal Serey External links The external links in this article may not follow 's content policies or guidelines. Please improve this article by removing excessive or inappropriate external links. http://www.myspace.com/boxkator http://www.talesofasia.com/rs-99-bokator.htm http://www.phnompenhpost.com/TXT/current/stories/1520/from.htm http://ki-media.blogspot.com/2006/09/300-participate-in-first-bokator.html http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Fighting/MixedMartialArts/2006/09/19/1862730-ca.html Adventure Writer Antonio Graceffo learns Bokator elbow strikes Adventure Writer Antonio Graceffo learns Bokator knee strikes Trailer for the Khmer movie about Bokator martial art 2 3 v d e Martial arts by focus Martial arts are listed by area of primary focus. Note that they may include training in the other areas. Striking BÄ?jÃquán · Boxing · Capoeira · Dambe · Fistfight · Fujian White Crane · Karate · KenpÅ? · Kickboxing · Lethwei · Muay Thai · Pradal Serey · Savate · Silat · Subak · Shaolin kung fu · Taekwondo · Tangsoodo · Wing Chun Grappling Aikido · Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu · Glima · Judo · Jujutsu · Kinomichi · Malla-yuddha · Varzesh-e Pahlavani · Pehlwani · Sambo · Shuai Jiao · Ssireum · Sumo · Wrestling Weaponry BattÅ?jutsu · Eskrima · Egyptian stick fencing · Fencing · Gatka · IaidÅ? · Iaijutsu · JÅ?dÅ? · Kendo · Kenjutsu · KyÅ«dÅ? · KyÅ«jutsu · Shurikenjutsu · Silambam · SÅ?jutsu Mixed, hybrid, and multi-discipline Baguazhang · Bando · Bartitsu · Hapkido · Hung Ga · Hwa Rang Do · Jeet Kune Do · Kalarippayattu · Krav Maga · MCMAP · Northern Praying Mantis · Ninjutsu · Pankration · Pencak Silat · San Shou · Shootfighting · Systema · Tai chi chuan · Vajra Mushti · Xingyiquan v d e Martial arts by country of origin The Martial Arts Portal Brazil: Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Capoeira Burma Myanmar: Bando Lethwei Cambodia: Bokator Pradal Serey Canada: Okichitaw China: Baguazhang BÄ?jÃquán Northern Praying Mantis Shaolin kung fu Shuai Jiao Tai chi chuan Wing Chun Xingyiquan Zui Quan Choi Lei Fut Egypt: Egyptian stick fencing France: Kinomichi Savate Greco-Roman wrestling Germany: German school of fencing Greece: Pankration Iceland: Glima India: Gatka Kalarippayattu Malla-yuddha Pehlwani Silambam Vajra Mushti Iran: Varzesh-e Pahlavani Ireland: Bataireacht Israel: Krav Maga Italy: Italian school of swordsmanship Japan: Aikido BattÅ?jutsu HojÅ?jutsu IaidÅ? Iaijutsu JÅ?dÅ? Judo Jujutsu JÅ«kendÅ? Juttejutsu Kendo KenpÅ? Kenjutsu KyÅ«dÅ? KyÅ«jutsu Naginatajutsu Ninjutsu Shurikenjutsu SÅ?jutsu Sumo Korea: Hapkido Hankumdo Hwa Rang Do Subak Ssireum Taekkyeon Taekwondo Tang Soo Do Philippines: Eskrima Modern Arnis Sikaran Yawyan Panantukan Nigeria: Dambe Portugal: Jogo do Pau Russia: Fistfight Sambo Systema RyÅ«kyÅ« Kingdom: Karate Okinawan kobudÅ? Switzerland: Schwingen Thailand: Muay Thai Turkey: YaÄŸlı GüreÅŸ Amarok Sayokan United Kingdom Bartitsu Catch wrestling United States of America: Jeet Kune Do Kajukenbo Marine Corps Martial Arts Program Modern Army Combatives Collegiate wrestling Uzbekistan Kurash Vietnam: Vovinam Unknown or no single origin: Boxing Fencing Silat Stick fighting Wrestling Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Bokator Categories: Cambodian martial arts | Cambodian cultureHidden categories: All articles needing style ing | articles needing style ing from February 2008 | Articles lacking sources from July 2008 | All articles lacking sources | All articles with statements | Articles with statements since August 2007 | external links cleanup Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page This page was last modified on 9 September 2008, at 11:53
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