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14-September-2008 12:50:29 - Cross-cultural psychiatry Cross-cultural psychiatry is a branch of psychiatry concerned with the cultural and ethnic context of mental disorder and psychiatric services. It emerged as a coherent field from several strands of work, including surveys of the prevalence and form of disorders in different cultures or countries; the study of migrant populations and ethnic diversity within countries; and analysis of psychiatry itself as a cultural product. The early literature was associated with colonialism and with either sidelining or denigrating different cultures or ethnic groups. A seminal paper by Arthur Kleinman in 19771 followed by a renewed dialogue between anthropology and psychiatry, is seen as having heralded a 'new cross-cultural psychiatry'. However, Kleinman later pointed out that culture often became incorporated in only superficial ways, and that for example 90% of DSM-IV categories are culture-bound to North America and Western Europe, and yet the culture-bound syndrome label is only applied to exotic conditions outside Euro-American society.2 It is argued that a cultural perspective can help psychiatrists become aware of the hidden assumptions and limitations of current psychiatric theory and practice and can identify new approaches appropriate for treating the increasingly diverse populations seen in psychiatric services around the world3 The field has, ironically4, increasingly had to address the process of globalization. It is said every city has a different culture and that the urban environment, and how people adapt or struggle to adapt to it, can play a crucial role in the onset or worsening of mental illness.5 Cross-cultural psychiatry looks at whether psychiatric classifications of disorders are appropriate to different cultures or ethnic groups. It often argues that psychiatric illnesses represent social constructs as well as genuine medical conditions, and as such have social uses peculiar to the social groups in which they are created and legitimized. It studies psychiatric classifications in different cultures, whether informal e.g category terms used in different languages or formal for example the World Health Organisation's ICD, the American Psychiatric Association's DSM, or the Chinese Society of Psychiatry's CCMD16 References ^ Kleinman AM. 1977 Depression, somatization and the new cross-cultural psychiatry. Soc Sci Med 11:3-10 ^ Kleinman A. 1997 Triumph or pyrrhic victory? The inclusion of culture in DSM-IV. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 1997 Mar-Apr;46:343-4. PMID 9385013 ^ Kirmayer, LJ. Minas, H. 2000 The future of cultural psychiatry: an international perspective. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Jun;455:438-46 ^ Kirmayer, LJ. 2006 Beyond the 'new cross-cultural psychiatry': cultural biology, discursive psychology and the ironies of globalization. Transcultural Psychiatry Mar;431:126-44 ^ Caracci, G. Mezzich, JE. 2001 Culture and Urban Mental Health. Psychiatric Clinics of North America Sep;243:581-93 ^ Lee, S. 2001 From Diversity to Unity. The classification of mental disorders in 21st-century China. Psychiatric Clinics of North America Sep;243:421-31. v d e Medicine Psychiatry Subspecialties Behavioral medicine Biological psychiatry Child and adolescent psychiatry Cross-cultural psychiatry Emergency psychiatry Forensic psychiatry Geriatric psychiatry Liaison psychiatry Military psychiatry Neuropsychiatry Social psychiatry Societies American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology American Psychiatric Association Royal College of Psychiatrists Related topics Neuroimaging Neurophysiology Psychiatrist Psychopharmacology Psychosurgery Psychotherapy Lists List of psychiatrists List of figures in psychiatry List of physicians List of psychiatric medications List of psychiatric medications by condition treated List of neurological disorders List of psychotherapies List of counseling topics Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Cross-cultural_psychiatry Categories: Psychiatry | Anthropology Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Norsk bokmål This page was last modified on 9 August 2008, at 14:18
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So many of us do not eat a balanced diet, get enough sleep, have too much stress, or are impacted with toxins and pollutants. Drinking 2 ounces of MonaVie twice a day will help your body detoxify as well as build your immune system. Its the smartest thing you can do for yourself, so start today. Buying MonaVie through our company guarantees you support 7 days a week and, if you would like to share MonaVie with your family and friends we will guide you from start to finish.
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