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14-September-2008 12:50:31 - Osteopathic Medicine D.O. redirects here. For Diploma of Osteopathy, see Osteopathy. Physician education and training in the United States Stages Pre-medical Med school Sub-internship Internship Residency Fellowship Board certification Licensure Continuing medical education Pathways Medicine MD Osteopathic DO International IMG Fifth Pathway Degrees Doctor of Medicine Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine MD/PhD or DO/PhD Comparison Exams MCAT COMLEX Step 1, 2CE, 2PE, 3 USMLE Step 1, 2CK, 2CS, 3 Regulatory bodies Association of American Medical Colleges American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine National Resident Matching Program National Matching Service Accration Council for Graduate Medical Education Liaison Committee on Medical Education Commission on Osteopathic College Accration Accration Council for Continuing Medical Education American Osteopathic Association American Medical Association Student groups American Medical Student Association Alpha Omega Alpha Sigma Sigma Phi Student National Medical Association Lists Medical schools Specialty colleges This box: view talk Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine D.O. or DO is an academic degree offered in the United States. It is a graduate-level first professional degree for physicians and surgeons, requiring four years to complete. Holders of the D.O. degree are known as osteopathic medical physicians. D.O.s are trained much in the same way as M.D.s, with the addition of osteopathic manipulative medicine techniques. In the United States, the D.O. and the M.D. are the only two degrees permitting licensure as medical physicians. D.O and M.D. physicians have similar training both requiring four years of training in the basic and clinical sciences and the successful completion of licensing exams. Osteopathic medical physicians receive additional training in Osteopathic Manual Manipulation. Although U.S. osteopathic medical physicians currently may obtain licensure in 47 countries, osteopathic curricula in countries other than the United States differs. In some countries outside of the United States, D.O.s are known as osteopaths and while their scope of practice includes some conventional medical therapies, they rely more exclusively on osteopathic manipulative medicine and other alternative medical modalities. See also: Osteopathic medicine in the United States and Comparison of M.D. and D.O. Contents 1 International variations in the D.O. degree 1.1 International practice rights 2 See also 3 References 4 External links International variations in the D.O. degree Osteopathic medicine in the United States Andrew Taylor Still founder Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine DO Medicine · US Medical education Schools · Physicians Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine AOA · AACOM · AAO · COMLEX MD DO Comparison Specialty Colleges · AOA BOS This box: view talk In the United States, doctors of osteopathic medicine are physicians who are also trained in osteopathic manipulative medicine. Main article: Osteopathic medicine in the United States In France, Germany,and Switzerland, some osteopathic practitioners are M.D.s who take additional courses in osteopathy after completing their medical training. In the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, osteopaths are trained in osteopathic principles and osteopathic manipulative treatment but are not physicians. According to the BIOMEA, in most countries outside the United States, D.O. stands for diploma of osteopathy, not doctor of osteopathic medicine. The difference is that osteopaths are not trained or licensed as physicians, and therefore do not carry the same practice rights, such as surgery and prescribing medication. However, osteopaths in some countries do act as primary care providers, coordinating treatment with fully licensed primary care physicians.1 International practice rights International practice rights of U.S. trained D.O.s Practice rights generally recognized as equal to U.S.-M.D.s Unlimited practice rights granted, but difficult to obtain Limited to manipulation-only Unknown or previously denied International practice rights of U.S. trained D.O.s Practice rights generally recognized as equal to U.S.-M.D.s Unlimited practice rights granted, but difficult to obtain Limited to manipulation-only Unknown or previously denied Every country has different requirements and a different way of licensing or registering osteopathic physicians and osteopaths. The only osteopathic practitioners that the U.S. Department of Education recognizes as physicians are graduates of osteopathic medical colleges in the United States.2 Therefore, osteopaths who have trained outside the United States are not eligible for medical licensure in the United States. On the other hand, US-trained D.O.s are currently able to practice in 45 countries with full medical rights and in several others with restricted rights. The following is a table of International Practice Rights of U.S trained Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine, as listed by the American Osteopathic Association.3 An update of this listing was released in December 2007.4 Country Year of latest policy Medical Practice Rights Requirements for Licensure Argentina 1994 Unlimited. Full license granted to US-trained D.O. Australia 2000 Restricted. Varies by state. Austria 1994 Unlimited. Hospital must have position unable to be filled by Austrian physician. Bahamas 1997 Unlimited. US license recognized. Bolivia 1988 Unknown. No response from embassy. Brazil 2000 Unlimited. Completion of Brazilian board exam some training in Brazilian hospital is required. Canada varies by province Alberta Unlimited. LMCC, Step 12 required British Columbia Unlimited. LMCC required Manitoba Unlimited. US license recognized. New Brunswick Unlimited. LMCC required, except DOs registered in Maine Newfoundland Pending. Currently under review. NW Territories Unlimited. US license recognized. Nova Scotia Unlimited. Only D.O.s from ACGME US or Canadian residency. Ontario Unlimited. Only D.O.s from ACGME residency. Prince Edward I. Restricted. No provision for US D.O. Quebec Unlimited. 1 year GME in Quebec French fluency required. Saskatchewan Limited. OMM only. Yukon Territory Unlimited. US license recognized. Cayman Islands UK 1983 Unlimited. US license recognized. Chile 1993. Unlimited. A written exam, in Spanish, is required. China 1994 Unlimited. US-DOs are permitted to apply for Short Term Medical Practice only. Costa Rica 1993 Unlimited. Several requirements. Same as for any foreign MD. Denmark 1995 Unknown. No response from embassy. Dominican Republic 2000 Unlimited. US license recognized. Ecuador Unlimited. Several. Same as for any foreign MD. Finland 1996 Unlimited. Several. Same as for any foreign MD. France 1988 Restricted. OMM only. French government does not recognize osteopathic medicine. Germany 1993 Unlimited. No special requirements. Decisions made on individual basis. Greece 2004 Unlimited. Difficult. Greek citizenship required. Hong Kong 1998 Unlimited. Written examination. Personal interview. Training approval. India 1999 Undetermined. Indian nationality status required Indonesia 1992 Unlimited. All foreign physicians affiliated with a University project or a mission have unlimited practice rights. No private practice allowed. Ireland 1999 Under review. The Irish government has repeated declined to recognize US trained D.O.s as physicians. The American Osteopathic Association president has said that obtaining unlimited practice rights for US-trained D.O.s in Ireland is a top priority in 2007.5 Lebanon 2004 Unlimited. AOA letter required. Examination required. New Zealand 2005 Unlimited. Hearing required. Case-by-case basis. Nigeria 1999 Unlimited. An appearance before the Nigerian Medical Council an oral quiz. Singapore 1993 None. Singapore does not recognize US DO degree. Only recognizes US MD degree from 37 US conventional medical schools.6 Spain 1994 None. No medical practice rights. Sweden 1996 Unlimited. US license recognized. Taiwan 2005 Unlimited. The ROC government recognizes US D.O. degree. Applicants must take Taiwan Examination Yuan to obtain Taiwanese license. United Kingdom 2005 Unlimited. US-trained DOs eligible for full medical practice rights. Applicants must pass the PLAB examination and work for one year in the National Health Service. Following that year, the applicants will be able to apply for a license to practice privately. Table data from AOA International License Summary.3, updated December 2007.4 See also List of Osteopathic Medical Schools References ^ McNerney, Joseph. Chairman, Bureau on International Osteopathic Medical Education and Affairs. Osteopathic Degrees Overseas: Response. J Am Osteopath Assoc Jan 2007 Vol 107;No 1 p 7 ^ Notices. Federal Register. Vol. 70, No. 190. 3 Oct 2005. 1 ^ a b AOA International License Summary. American Osteopathic Association. Council on International Osteopathic Medical Education and Affairs.2 ^ a b AOA International License Summary. American Osteopathic Association. Council on International Osteopathic Medical Education and Affairs. December 2007.3 ^ Peter B. Ajluni US-Trained DOs in Ireland. AOA president's blog. 12 Mar 2007. 4 ^ Registrable Basic Medical Degrees. Singapore Medical Council accessed Oct 2007. External links US-Trained DOs in Ireland. American Osteopathic Association President's Blog. 5 One D.O. 's description on What Is A DO ? v d e Academic degrees Associate's degree U.S. · Foundation degree U.K. except Scotland · Bachelor's degree · Master's degree · Diplom · Magister · DEA · MAS · Licentiate · Specialist degree · Engineer's degree · Professional degree · Doctoral degree v d e Health science Medicine Specialties and subspecialties Surgery Anesthesiology · Cardiac surgery · Cardiothoracic surgery · General surgery · Neurosurgery · Oral and maxillofacial surgery · Orthopedic surgery Hand surgery · Otolaryngology ENT · Pediatric surgery · Plastic surgery · Surgical oncology · Thoracic surgery · Transplant surgery · Trauma surgery · Urology · Vascular surgery Internal medicine Cardiology · Endocrinology · Gastroenterology · Geriatrics · Hematology · Hepatology · Infectious diseases · Intensive care medicine · Nephrology · Oncology · Proctology · Pulmonology · Rheumatology Diagnostic Clinical laboratory sciences Cellular pathology, Clinical chemistry, Hematology, Clinical microbiology, Clinical immunology, Transfusion medicine · Radiology Interventional radiology, Nuclear Medicine · Pathology Anatomical, Clinical · Clinical neurophysiology Other specialties Allergy and immunology · Dermatology · Disaster medicine · Emergency medicine · General practice · Neurology · Obstetrics and gynaecology Fertility medicine · Andrology · Reproductive medicine · Occupational medicine · Ophthalmology · Palliative care · Pediatrics · Physical medicine and rehabilitation Physiatry · Preventive medicine Public health · Psychiatry · Sleep medicine Other Epidemiology · History of medicine · Hospital medicine · Medical education · Medical genetics · Medical school · Osteopathic medicine · Pharmacy · Physician MD and DO · Physician Assistant · Sports medicine · Medical fiction Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Doctor_of_Osteopathic_Medicine Categories: Osteopathic medicine | Doctoral degrees | Medical degrees Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages БългарÑ?ки Español Deutsch Français Nederlands This page was last modified on 8 September 2008, at 05:2
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