Sierra Acai Company
Sierra Acai Company
Open 7 Days a Week
MonaVie Independent Distributor
Distributor Training
Shop Online
Enroll Now
Buy Wholesale and maintain an Active status for 2 months and we will refund your $39 Distributor Fee
Friends
Buy Wholesale and maintain an Active status for 2 months and we will refund your $39 Distributor Fee
14-September-2008 12:50:31 - Dissertation Redirected from Doctoral dissertation April 2008 For the American novel, see The Dissertation. This article is about theses in the academic sense. For other uses, see Thesis disambiguation. A dissertation also called thesis or disquisition is a document that presents the author's research and findings and is submitted in support of candidature for a degree or professional qualification.1 The word thesis comes from the Greek θÎσις, meaning position, and refers to an intellectual proposition. Dissertation comes from the Latin dissertÄ?tiÅ?, meaning discourse. Contents 1 Presentation style 1.1 Style guides 2 Thesis committee 3 Regional and degree-specific practices and terminologies 3.1 Canada 3.2 France 3.3 Germany 3.4 UK 3.5 US 4 Thesis examinations 4.1 Examination results 4.2 Australia 4.3 Germany 4.4 North America 4.5 UK and Hong Kong 5 Submission of the thesis 6 References 7 See also Presentation style A typical thesis has a title page, an abstract, a table of contents, a body, and a bibliography. Other components might include an introduction, materials and methods in the case of scientific or technical thesis, results, discussion, acknowledgments, a dedication, indices and appendices, glossaries, lists of tables, images or figures, lists of abbreviations, and so on. Style guides Degree-awarding institutions often define their own house style that candidates have to follow when preparing a thesis document. In addition to institution-specific house styles, there exist a number of field-specific, national, and international standards and recommendations for the presentation of theses, for instance ISO 71441. Other applicable international standards include ISO 2145 on section numbers, ISO 690 on bibliographic references, and ISO 31 on quantities and units. Some older house styles specify that front matter title page, abstract, table of content, etc. uses a separate page-number sequence from the main text, using Roman numerals. The relevant international standard1 and many newer style guides recognize that this book design practice can cause confusion where electronic document viewers number all pages of a document continuously from the first page, independent of any printed page numbers. They therefore avoid the traditional separate number sequence for front matter and require a single sequence of Arabic numbers starting with 1 for the first printed page the verso of the title page. Presentation requirements, including pagination, layout, type and color of paper, use of acid-free paper where a copy of the dissertation will become a permanent part of the library collection, paper size, order of components, and citation style, will be checked page by page by the accepting officer before the thesis is accepted and a receipt is issued. Theses which are incomplete or incorrectly formatted may not be accepted. However, strict standards are not always required. Most Italian universities, for example, have only general requirements on the character size and the page formatting, and leave much freedom on the actual typographic details. Thesis committee A thesis or dissertation committee is a committee that supervises a student's dissertation. This committee, consisting of a primary supervisor or advisor is to show and two or more committee members, supervises the progress of the dissertation and may also act as the examining committee, or jury, at the oral examination of the thesis see below. The committee is chosen by the student in conjunction with his or her primary advisor, usually after completion of the comprehensive examinations, and may consist of members of the comps committee. The committee members are doctors in their field whether a PhD or other designation and have the task of reading the dissertation, making suggestions for changes and improvements, and sitting in on the defense. Usually, at least one member of the committee must be a professor in a department that is different from that of the student. Regional and degree-specific practices and terminologies Canada At English-speaking Canadian universities, writings presented in fulfillment of undergraduate coursework requirements are normally called papers, term papers or essays. A long paper presented for completion of an honours degree is sometimes called a major paper, or, more rarelycitation needed, an undergraduate thesis or honours thesis. Major papers presented as the final project for a masters degree are normally called theses; and major papers presenting the student's research towards a doctoral degree are called theses or dissertations. At some Canadian universities where French is a primary language of study2, students may have a choice between presenting a mémoire' which is a shorter synthetic work roughly 75 pages and a thèse which is one hundred pages or morecitation needed. A synthetic monograph associated with doctoral work is referred to as a thèse. Either work can be awarded a mention d'honneur excellence as a result of the decision by the examination committee, although these are rare. A typical undergraduate thesis might be forty pages. Masters theses are approximately one hundred pages. PhD theses are usually over two hundred pages. France In France, the academic dissertation or thesis is called a thèse while the word dissertation is reserved for shorter 1,000-2,000 words, more generic exercises of logical demonstration. Germany In Germany an academic thesis is called Abschlussarbeit, Thesis or the basic name of the degree complemented by -arbeit e.g. Diplomarbeit, Masterarbeit. Length is often given in page count and depends on departments, faculties and fields of study. A Bachelor thesis is often 40-60 pages, a Diplom or Master thesis at least 100 pages. The required submission for the doctorate is called Dissertation instead. UK At universities in the United Kingdom, the term thesis is usually associated with PhD/EngD doctoral and research Master's degrees, whilst dissertation is the more common term for a substantial project submitted as part of a taught Master's degree or an undergraduate degree e.g. BA, BSc, BMus, BEd etc. Individual departments and faculties set thesis word lengths. Theses in the humanities and social sciences are typically 80,000-100,000 words, with theses in the sciences being roughly half that length. The length of an undergraduate or Master's dissertation varies considerably, but is almost always between 10,000 and 30,000 words. US In some United States doctoral programs, the term dissertation can refer to the major part of the student's total time spent along with two or three years of classes, and may take years of full-time work to complete. At most universities, dissertation is the term for the required submission for the doctorate and thesis refers only to the master's degree requirement. Thesis examinations One of the requirements for certain advanced degrees is often an oral examination. This examination normally occurs after the dissertation is finished but before it is submitted to the university, and may comprise a presentation by the student and questions posed by an examining committee or jury. In North America, this examination is known as a thesis or dissertation defense, while in England and other English-speaking countries it is called a viva voce. Examination results The result of the examination may be given immediately following deliberation by the examiners in which case the candidate may immediately be considered to have received his or her degree, or at a later date, in which case the examiners may prepare a defense report that is forwarded to a Board or Committee of Postgraduate Studies, which then officially recommends the candidate for the degree. Potential decisions or verdicts include: Accepted / pass with no corrections. The thesis is accepted as presented. A grade may be awarded, though in many countries PhDs are not graded at all, and in others only one of the theoretically possible grades the highest is ever used in practice. The thesis must be revised. Revisions for example, correction of numerous grammatical or spelling errors; clarification of concepts or methodology; addition of sections are required. One or more members of the jury and/or the thesis supervisor will make the decision on the acceptability of revisions and provide written confirmation that they have been satisfactorily completed. If, as is often the case, the needed revisions are relatively modest the examiners may all sign the thesis with the verbal understanding that the candidate will review the revised thesis with his or her supervisor before submitting the completed dissertation. Extensive revision required. The thesis must be revised extensively and undergo the evaluation and defense process again from the beginning with the same examiners. Problems may include theoretical or methodological issues. A candidate who is not recommended for the degree after the second defense must normally withdraw from the program. Unacceptable The thesis is unacceptable and the candidate must withdraw from the program. This verdict is given only when the thesis requires major revisions and when the examination makes it clear that the candidate is incapable of making such revisions. At most North American institutions the latter two verdicts are extremely rare, for two reasons. First, to obtain the status of doctoral candidates, graduate students typically write a qualifying examination or comprehensive examination, which often includes an oral defense. Students who pass the qualifying examination are deemed capable of completing scholarly work independently and are allowed to proceed with working on a dissertation. Second, since the thesis supervisor and the other members of the advisory committee will normally have reviewed the thesis extensively before recommending the student proceed to the defense, such an outcome would be regarded as a major failure not only on the part of the candidate but also by the candidate's supervisor who should have recognized the substandard quality of the dissertation long before the defense was allowed to take place. It is also fairly rare for a thesis to be accepted without any revisions; the most common outcome of a defense is for the examiners to specify minor revisions which the candidate typically completes in a few days or weeks. On the other hand, at universities on the British pattern it is not uncommon for theses to be failed at the viva stage, in which case either a major re-write is required, followed by a new viva, or the thesis may be awarded the lesser degree of M.Phil Master of Philosophy instead, preventing the candidate from resubmitting the thesis. Australia In Australia, doctoral theses are examined without a live defense, except in extremely rare exceptions, usually by three examiners, two in the case of a Masters by research. Typically, although this is not a requirement, one of these examiners will be from within the candidate's own department; the others will usually be from other universities and often from overseas. Following submission of the thesis, copies are sent by mail to examiners and then reports sent back to the institution. Germany In Germany, a thesis is often examined with an oral defense Verteidigung, also called Kolloquium. This applies to many Diplom degrees and to almost all Master's and doctoral degrees, but usually not to Bachelor's degrees. North America In North America, the thesis defense or oral defense is the final examination for doctoral candidates, and sometimes for masters candidates. The examining committee normally consists of the thesis committee, usually a given number of professors mainly from the student's university plus his or her primary supervisor, an external examiner someone not otherwise connected to the university, and a chair person. Each committee member will have been given a completed copy of the dissertation prior to the defense, and will come prepared to ask questions about the thesis itself and the subject matter. In many schools masters thesis defenses are restricted to the examinee and the examiners, but doctoral defenses are open to the public. The typical format will see the candidate giving a short 20-40 minute presentation of his or her research, followed by one to two hours of questions. At some US institutions a longer public lecture known as a thesis talk or thesis seminar by the candidate will accompany the defense itself, in which case only the candidate, the examiners, and other members of the faculty may attend the actual defense. UK and Hong Kong In the UK, Ireland and Hong Kong the thesis defense is called a viva voce, Latin for by live voice examination viva for short. Involved in the viva are two examiners and the candidate. One examiner is an academic from the candidate's own university department not any of the candidate's supervisors and the other is an external examiner from a different university.citation needed In the United Kingdom, there are only two or at most three examiners, and the examination is in many universities strictly in private - however, in the University of Oxford, at least, in theory any member of the University may attend a DPhil viva the University's regulations require that details of the examination and its time and place be published formally in advance provided he or she attends in full academic dress, but this rarely if ever happens nowadays3-. Also, in the UK, the candidate's primary supervisor is not permitted to ask questions during the viva, and their presence is not necessary. Submission of the thesis Submission of the thesis is the last formal requirement for most students after the defense. By the final deadline, the student must submit a complete copy of the thesis to the appropriate body within the accepting institution, along with the appropriate forms, bearing the signatures of the primary supervisor, the examiners, and, in some cases, the head of the student's department. Other required forms may include library authorizations giving the university library permission to make the thesis available as part of its collection and copyright permissions in the event that the student has incorporated copyrighted materials in the thesis. Failure to submit the thesis by the deadline may result in graduation and granting of the degree being delayed. At most US institutions, there will also be various fees for binding, microfilming, copyright registration, and the like which must be paid before the degree will be granted. Once all the paperwork is in order, copies of the thesis may be made available in one or more university libraries. Specialist abstracting services exist to publicise the content of theses beyond the institutions in which they are produced. References ^ a b c International Standard ISO 7144: Documentation - Presentation of theses and similar documents, International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, 1986. ^ Carleton University - Canada's Capital University ^ Oxford University Examination Regulations, 2007 See also Graduate student Comprehensive examination Dissertation article at LISWiki, a Library and information science wiki Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Dissertation Categories: Academia | Greek loanwords | Rhetoric | Scientific documentsHidden categories: Articles needing additional references from April 2008 | All articles with statements | Articles with statements since March 2008 | Articles with statements since April 2008 | Articles with statements since October 2007 Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages العربية ÄŒesky Dansk Deutsch Español Esperanto Français í•œêµì–´ Ido Bahasa Indonesia Ã?slenska עברית Lietuvių Nederlands 日本語 Polski Português Română РуÑ?Ñ?кий SlovenÅ¡Ä?ina Suomi Svenska ไทย Tiếng Việt УкраїнÑ?ька This page was last modified on 13 September 2008, at 06:12
39 Reasons to Drink Acai Juice Every Day
What is MonaVie - Watch the 8-minute video
Discovering MonaVie Video
The Power of You Video
Effects of MonaVie Active on Antioxidant Capacity in Humans
Log into your Wholesale MonaVie Account
So many of us do not eat a balanced diet, get enough sleep, have too much stress, or are impacted with toxins and pollutants. Drinking 2 ounces of MonaVie twice a day will help your body detoxify as well as build your immune system. Its the smartest thing you can do for yourself, so start today. Buying MonaVie through our company guarantees you support 7 days a week and, if you would like to share MonaVie with your family and friends we will guide you from start to finish.
1. Click on Enroll Now (30 - 55% off retail price)
2. Pay $39 for your Wholesale ID number.
3. NO minimum order required.
4. MonaVie is delivered to your door in 3 to 5 days.