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14-September-2008 12:50:32 - Far East Redirected from Far east This article is about the Asian regions. For the A. R. Gurney play, see Far East play. For the newspaper published in Japan, see The Far East periodical. Far East Location of Far East Chinese name Traditional Chinese: é? æ?± Simplified Chinese: 远东 Literal meaning: Far East Transliterations Mandarin - Hanyu Pinyin: YuÇŽn DÅ?ng - Tongyong Pinyin: YuÇŽn DÅ?ng Yue Cantonese - Jyutping: Yuen5 Dong1 Japanese name Kanji: 極æ?± Kana: ã??ょã??ã?¨ã?† Hiragana: Japanese Hiragana Transliterations - Romaji: Kyoku TÅ? Korean name Hangul: ê·¹ë?™ Hanja: 極æ?± Transliterations - Revised Romanization: Geuk Dong - McCune- Reischauer: KÅk Tong Malay name Malay: Timur Jauh Portuguese name Portuguese: Extremo Oriente Russian name Russian: Дальний ВоÑ?ток Thai name Thai: ตะวันà¸à¸à¸?ไà¸?ล Vietnamese name Quốc ngữ: Viá»…n Ä?ông Chữ nôm: é? æ?± Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary Hán tá»±: é? æ?± The Far East is a term often used by people in the Western world to refer to the countries of East Asia.1 It is a Eurocentric term that nevertheless retains strong popular usage. Far East came because from Europe the Eastern Asia is the farthest of the two easts the others being Near East and Middle East literally near the Pacific Ocean. For the same reason, ancient Chinese people called western country Tà ixÄ« 泰西 lit. more west than Arabia. Contents 1 Popularisation 2 Cultural as well as geographic meaning 3 Eurocentrism 4 Territories and regions conventionally included under the term Far East 5 Gallery 6 See also 7 References Popularisation The term Far East was popularized in the English language during the period of the British Empire as a blanket term for lands to the east of British India. Prior to World War I, the Near East referred to relatively nearby lands of the Ottoman Empire, Middle East to northwestern South Asia and Central Asia, and Far East for countries along the western Pacific Ocean and countries along the eastern Indian Ocean. Many European languages have analogous terms, such as the French Extrême-Orient, Spanish Extremo Oriente, Portuguese Extremo Oriente, German Ferner Osten, Italian Estremo Oriente, Polish Daleki Wschód, and Dutch Verre Oosten. Cultural as well as geographic meaning Significantly, the term evokes cultural as well as geographic separation; the Far East is not just geographically distant, but also culturally exotic. It never refers, for instance, to the culturally Western nations of Australia and New Zealand, which lie even farther to the east of Europe than East Asia itself. This combination of cultural and geographic subjectivism was well illustrated in 1939 by the Prime Minister of Australia, R. G Menzies. Reflecting upon his country's geopolitical concerns with the onset of war, Menzies commented that: The problems of the Pacific are different. What Great Britain calls the Far East is to us the near north.2 Far East in its usual sense is comparable to terms such as the Orient, which means East; the Eastern world; or simply the East. South East Asia and the Russian Far East might now be included in the Far East to some extent due to recent Chinese migration to Russia, and the Korean diaspora in Russia. Eurocentrism Use of the term in the Western world has become somewhat circumscribed due to its Eurocentrism and association with European imperialism in Asia. The more precise East Asia and Southeast Asia, or larger umbrella terms, such as Pacific Rim, are preferred in cultural and economic studies. The region's growth has also given new meaning to the term as meaning the Far East of the world i.e. the easternmost continental land in the Eastern Hemisphere rather than to the Far East of Europe. Despite its shortcomings, the term is unlikely to fade from use completely due to historical usage within the names of many Asian-based commercial enterprises and institutions. Examples include: Far Eastern National University in Vladivostok, Far Eastern University in the City of Manila, South Korean's Far East University, and the Hong Kong-based Far Eastern Economic ReviewNORTh America have historically used Far East for several military units and commands in the region: British Far East Command RAF Far East Air Force U.S. Far East Air Force The U.S. Far East Network Territories and regions conventionally included under the term Far East East Asia China South Korea North Korea Japan Russia Mongolia Taiwan Indian subcontinent India Bangladesh Nepal Sri Lanka Pakistan Bhutan Southeast Asia Vietnam Myanmar Laos Thailand Cambodia Malaysia Brunei Singapore Indonesia Philippines Central Asia Kazakhstan Afghanistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Name of region3 and territory, with flag Area km² Population 2008 est. Population density per km² Capital Government Currency Official languages Coat of Arms East Asia Flag of the People's Republic of China People's Republic of China4 9,584,492 1,322,044,605 134.0 Beijing Single-party state, Socialist republic Yuan Renminbi Chinese Mandarin Flag of Hong Kong Hong Kong of the PRC5 1,092 7,903,334 6,688.0 - One country, two systems Hong Kong dollar Chinese Cantonese, English Flag of Japan Japan 377,835 127,288,628 336.1 Tokyo Parliamentary democracy, Constitutional monarchy Yen Japanese Flag of Macau Macau China6 25 460,823 18,473.3 - One country, two systems Macanese pataca Chinese Cantonese, Portuguese Flag of Mongolia Mongolia 1,565,000 2,996,082 1.7 Ulaanbaatar Parliamentary republic Tögrög Mongolian Flag of North Korea North Korea 120,540 23,479,095 184.4 Pyongyang Juche, Socialist Republic North Korean won Korean Flag of South Korea South Korea 98,480 49,232,844 490.7 Seoul Presidential republic Won Korean Flag of the Republic of China Republic of China Taiwan7 35,980 22,920,946 626.7 Taipei Semi-presidential system New Taiwan dollar Chinese Mandarin SouthEast Asia Flag of Brunei Brunei 5,770 381,371 60.8 Bandar Seri Begawan Absolute Islamic Sultanate Brunei dollar Malay, Bruneian Flag of Cambodia Cambodia 181,040 14,241,640 70.6 Phnom Penh Constitutional monarchy Riel Khmer Flag of Indonesia Indonesia8 1,419,588 237,512,355 159.9 Jakarta Presidential republic Rupiah Indonesian Flag of Laos Laos 236,800 6,677,534 24.4 Vientiane Socialist Republic Kip Lao Flag of Malaysia Malaysia 329,750 25,274,135 68.7 Kuala Lumpur Federal constitutional monarchy, Parliamentary democracy Ringgit Bahasa Melayu Malay Flag of Burma Myanmar Burma 678,500 47,758,224 62.3 Naypyidaw9 Military junta kyat Burmese Flag of the Philippines Philippines 300,000 92,681,453 281.8 Manila Unitary presidential constitutional republic Peso Piso Filipino and English Flag of Singapore Singapore 704 4,608,167 6,369.0 Singapore Parliamentary republic Singapore dollar English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil Flag of Thailand Thailand 514,000 65,493,298 121.3 Bangkok Parliamentary democracy, Constitutional monarchy Baht Thai Flag of East Timor Timor-Leste East Timor10 15,007 1,108,777 63.5 Dili Parliamentary republic U.S. Dollar Tetum and Portuguese Flag of Vietnam Vietnam 332,885 86,116,559 246.1 Hanoi Socialist Republic đồng Vietnamese Indian subcontinent Flag of Bangladesh Bangladesh 144,000 153,546,901 1045 Dhaka Parliamentary republic Taka Bengali Flag of Bhutan Bhutan 47,000 682,321 45 Thimphu Parliamentary democracy, Constitutional monarchy Ngultrum, Indian rupee Dzongkha Flag of India India 3,287,590 1,147,995,226 329 New Delhi Federal republic, Parliamentary democracy Indian rupee Hindi, English and 20 other official languages Flag of Nepal Nepal 147,181 29,519,114 184 Kathmandu Interim government Nepalese rupee Nepali Flag of Pakistan Pakistan 880,940 167,762,049 206 Islamabad Islamic Republic Pakistani rupee Urdu, English, Balochi, Pashto, Punjabi, Siraiki, and Sindhi Flag of Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 65,610 21,128,773 310 Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte Democratic Socialist Republic Sri Lankan rupee Sinhala, Tamil Central Asia Flag of Afghanistan Afghanistan 647,500 32,738,775 42.9 Kabul Islamic presidential republic Afghani Dari Persian and Pashto Flag of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 2,346,927 15,340,533 5.7 Astana Presidential republic Tenge Kazakh, Russian Flag of Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan 198,500 5,356,869 24.3 Bishkek Presidential republic Som Kyrgyz, Russian Flag of Tajikistan Tajikistan 143,100 7,211,884 47.0 Dushanbe Unitary presidential republic Somoni Tajik Flag of Turkmenistan Turkmenistan 488,100 5,179,573 9.6 Ashgabat Single-party presidential republic Turkmen Manat Russian, Uzbek, Dari Flag of Uzbekistan Uzbekistan 447,400 28,268,441 57.1 Tashkent Presidential republic Uzbekistan som O'zbekiston so'mi Uzbek Russian Far East Flag of Russia Russia11 13,115,200 84,525,639 3.0 Moscow Federal semi-presidential republic Ruble Russian and 27 other co-official languages Gallery Shanghai, China, PRC Tokyo, Japan Singapore City, Singapore Seoul, Korea, ROK Ho Chi Minh City Saigon, Vietnam Mumbai, India Osaka, Japan Dhaka, Bangladesh Beijing, China, PRC Manila Makati, Philippines Taipei, Taiwan, ROC Jakarta, Indonesia Kabul, Afghanistan Phnom Penh, Cambodia Yangon Rangoon, Myanmar Burma Canton, China, PRC Bangkok, Thailand Pyongyang, Korea, DPRK Hong Kong, PRC Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Ulan Bator Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Kuching, Malaysia Busan Pusan, Korea, ROK Colombo, Sri Lanka Astana, Kazakhstan Macau Macao, PRC Vientiane, Laos Surabaya, Indonesia Karachi, Pakistan Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Pattaya, Thailand Davao Davao City, Philippines Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC Vladivostok, Russian Far East, Russia Thimphu, Bhutan Yokohama, Japan Chiang Mai, Thailand Incheon, Korea, ROK Kathmandu, Nepal Taichung, Taiwan, ROC See also Look up Far East in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Sinosphere Indosphere Four Asian Tigers East Asia South Asia Southeast Asia Russian Far East References ^ AskOxford: Far East ^ Broadcast Speech by Mr R.G. Menzies, Prime Minister ^ Continental regions as per UN categorisations map, except 12. Depending on definitions, various territories cited below notes 6, 11-13, 15, 17-19, 21-23 may be in one or both of Asia and Europe, Africa, or Oceania. ^ The state is commonly known as simply China, which is subsumed by the eponymous entity and civilisation China. Figures given are for mainland China only, and do not include Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. ^ Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region SAR of the PRC. ^ Macau is a Special Administrative Region SAR of the PRC. ^ Figures are for the area under the de facto control of the Republic of China ROC government, commonly referred to as Taiwan. Claimed in whole by the PRC; see political status of Taiwan. ^ Indonesia is often considered a transcontinental country in Southeastern Asia and Oceania; figures do not include Irian Jaya and Maluku Islands, frequently reckoned in Oceania Melanesia/Australasia. ^ The administrative capital of Myanmar was officially moved from Yangon Rangoon to a militarised greenfield just west of Pyinmana on 6 November 2005. ^ Timor-Leste is often considered a transcontinental country in Southeastern Asia and Oceania. ^ Russia is generally considered a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe UN region and Northern Asia; population and area figures are for Asian portion only. Whitaker, Brian. From Turkey to Tibet, The Guardian, February 23, 2004. v d e Regions of the world Location of Africa Africa North Maghreb · Central · South · West · East Location of the Middle East Middle East Arabian Peninsula · Caucasus · Levant · Mesopotamia · Persian Plateau Location of the Americas Americas North Northern Middle Central Caribbean · South Southern Cone · Anglo · Latin Location of Oceania Oceania Australasia · Melanesia · Micronesia · Polynesia Location of Asia Asia East Far East Asia-Pacific · Southeast Indochina Malay Archipelago · South · Southwest · Central · North Siberia Location of the Polar regions Polar Arctic · Antarctica Location of Europe Europe West · Central · East · North · South Oceans of the world Oceans World · Arctic · Atlantic · Indian · Pacific · Southern See also Continents of the world Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Far_East Categories: Asia Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Aragonés Arpetan БеларуÑ?каÑ? БеларуÑ?каÑ? тарашкевіца Bosanski БългарÑ?ки Català Чăвашла ÄŒesky Dansk Deutsch Eesti Español Euskara Ù?ارسی Français Galego í•œêµì–´ Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Magyar Nederlands 日本語 ‪Norsk bokmÃ¥l‬ ‪Norsk nynorsk‬ Português Română РуÑ?Ñ?кий Sicilianu Simple English SlovenÅ¡Ä?ina СрпÑ?ки / Srpski Srpskohrvatski / СрпÑ?кохрватÑ?ки Svenska ไทย Tiếng Việt Türkçe УкраїнÑ?ька Wolof å?´è¯ ä¸æ–‡ This page was last modified on 14 September 2008, at 01:3
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