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14-September-2008 18:38:37 - Adolf von Baeyer For the founder of the pharmaceutical company Bayer, see Friedrich Bayer. Adolf von Baeyer Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer in 1905 Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer in 1905 Born October 31, 18351835-10-31 Berlin, Germany Died August 20, 1917 aged 81 Starnberg, Germany Nationality Germany Fields Chemistry Institutions University of Berlin Gewerbe-Akademie, Berlin University of Strasbourg University of Munich Alma mater University of Berlin Doctoral advisor Robert Wilhelm Bunsen Friedrich August Kekulé Doctoral students Emil Fischer John Ulric Nef Victor Villiger Carl Theodore Liebermann Carl Gräbe Known for Synthesis of indigo Notable awards Nobel Prize for Chemistry 1905 Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer IPA: ˈbaɪÉ?; October 31, 1835 - August 20, 1917 was a German chemist who synthesized indigo,1 and was the 1905 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.2 Born in Berlin, he initially studied mathematics and physics at Berlin University before moving to Heidelberg to study chemistry with Robert Bunsen. There he worked primarily in August Kekulé's laboratory, earning his doctorate from Berlin in 1858. He followed Kekulé to the University of Ghent, when Kekulé became professor there. He became a lecturer at the Berlin Trade Academy in 1860, and a Professor at the University of Strassburg in 1871. In 1875 he succeeded Justus von Liebig as Chemistry Professor at the University of Munich. Baeyer's chief achievements include the synthesis and description of the plant dye indigo, the discovery of the phthalein dyes, and the investigation of polyacetylenes, oxonium salts, nitroso compounds 1869 and uric acid derivatives 1860 and onwards including the discovery of barbituric acid 1864, the parent compound of the barbiturates. He was the first to propose the correct formula for indole in 1869, after publishing the first synthesis three years earlier. His contributions to theoretical chemistry include the 'strain' Spannung theory of triple bonds and strain theory in small carbon rings.3 In 1871 he discovered the synthesis of phenolphthalein by condensation of phthalic anhydride with two equivalents of phenol under acidic conditions hence the name. That same year he was the first to obtain synthetic fluorescein, a fluorophore pigment which is frequently referred to as pyoverdin when naturally synthesized by microorganisms e.g., by some fluorescent strains of Pseudomonas. Von Baeyer named his finding resorcinphthalein as he had synthesized it from phthalic anhydride and resorcinol. The term fluorescein would not start to be used until 1878. In 1872 he experimented with phenol and formaldehyde, almost preempting Leo Baekeland's later discovery of Bakelite. In 1881 the Royal Society of London awarded Baeyer the Davy Medal for his work with indigo. In 1905 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in recognition of his services in the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry, through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds. Baeyer's name is pronounced like the English word buyer. His birth name was Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf Baeyer, but throughout most of his life he was known simply as Adolf Baeyer. On his fiftieth birthday he was raised to the herary nobility, changing his name to Adolf von Baeyer. References ^ Adolf Baeyer, Viggo Drewsen 1882. Darstellung von Indigblau aus Orthonitrobenzaldehyd p . Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 15 2: 2856-2864. doi:10.1002/cber.188201502274. ^ Adolf von Baeyer: Winner of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry 1905 Armin de Meijere Angewandte Chemie International ion Volume 44, Issue 48 , Pages 7836 - 7840 2005 Abstract ^ Adolf Baeyer 1885. Ueber Polyacetylenverbindungen. Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 18 2: 294-295. doi:10.1002/cber.18850180296. External links Biography Biography from Nobelprize.org website Speech given by Professor A. Lindstedt, President of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, on December 10, 1905, upon Baeyer's receiving the Nobel Prize von Baeyer biography v d e Nobel Laureates in Chemistry Jacobus van 't Hoff 1901 · Emil Fischer 1902 · Svante Arrhenius 1903 · William Ramsay 1904 · Adolf von Baeyer 1905 · Henri Moissan 1906 · Eduard Buchner 1907 · Ernest Rutherford 1908 · Wilhelm Ostwald 1909 · Otto Wallach 1910 · Marie Curie 1911 · Victor Grignard / Paul Sabatier 1912 · Alfred Werner 1913 · Theodore Richards 1914 · Richard Willstätter 1915 · Fritz Haber 1918 · Walther Nernst 1920 · Frederick Soddy 1921 · Francis Aston 1922 · Fritz Pregl 1923 · Richard Zsigmondy 1925 Complete roster · 1901-1925 · 1926-1950 · 1951-1975 · 1976-2000 · 2001-present Persondata NAME Baeyer, Adolf von ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bayer, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf Ritter von; Bayer, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von SHORT DESCRIPTION German Chemist DATE OF BIRTH October 31, 1835 PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin, Germany DATE OF DEATH August 20, 1917 PLACE OF DEATH Starnberg, Germany Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Adolf_von_Baeyer Categories: German chemists | German Nobel laureates | Nobel laureates in Chemistry | University of Munich alumni | People from Berlin | 1835 births | 1917 deaths | University of Heidelberg alumni Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages العربية Bosanski Català Deutsch Español Esperanto Euskara Français Gà idhlig Galego Hrvatski Ido Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Kiswahili मराठी Nederlands 日本語 ‪Norsk bokmÃ¥l‬ Novial Occitan Polski Português Română РуÑ?Ñ?кий SlovenÄ?ina SlovenÅ¡Ä?ina СрпÑ?ки / Srpski Suomi Svenska Türkçe ä¸æ–‡ This page was last modified on 15 August 2008, at 06:56
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