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07-SEPTEMBER-2008 03:17:44 - Cerebral amyloid angiopathy Medicine or the Medicine Portal may be able to help recruit one. If a more appropriate or portal exists, please adjust this template accordingly. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy Classification and external resources DiseasesDB 32874 eMedicine neuro/628 MeSH D016657 Cerebral amyloid angiopathy, also known as congophilic angiopathy,1 is a form of angiopathy in which amyloid deposits in the walls of the blood vessels of the central nervous system.2 The term congophilic is used because the presence of the abnormal aggregations of amyloid can be demonstrated by microscopic examination of brain tissue after application of a special stain called Congo red. Contents 1 Causes 2 Presentation 3 Diagnosis 4 Types 5 References Causes An immune mechanism has been proposed.3 Presentation Amyloid deposition predisposes these blood vessel to failure, increasing the risk of a hemorrhagic stroke. Because can be caused by the same amyloid protein that is associated with Alzheimer's dementia4 such brain hemorrhages are more common in people who suffer from Alzheimer's, however they can also occur in those who have no history of dementia. The hemorrhage within the brain is usually confined to a particular lobe and this is slightly different compared to brain hemorrhages which occur as a consequence of high blood pressure hypertension - a more common cause of a hemorrhagic stroke or cerebral hemorrhage. Diagnosis Susceptibility weighted imaging has been proposed as a tool for identifying microhemorrhages.5 Biopsies also play a role in diagnosing the condition.6 Types It is usually associated with amyloid beta.7 This form has been associated with Abeta-related angiitis.8 However, there are other types: the Icelandic type is associated with Cystatin C.9 the British type is associated with ITM2B also known as BRI.10 References ^ Exley C, Esiri MM July 2006. Severe cerebral congophilic angiopathy coincident with increased brain aluminium in a resident of Camelford, Cornwall, UK. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 77 7: 877-9. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2005.086553. PMID 16627535. ^ Revesz T, Holton JL, Lashley T, et al July 2002. Sporadic and familial cerebral amyloid angiopathies. Brain Pathol. 12 3: 343-57. PMID 12146803. ^ Yamada M, Itoh Y, Shintaku M, et al July 1996. Immune reactions associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Stroke 27 7: 1155-62. PMID 8685920. ^ Thal DR, Griffin WS, de Vos RA, Ghebremedhin E June 2008. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy and its relationship to Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol. 115 6: 599-609. doi:10.1007/s00401-008-0366-2. PMID 18369648. ^ Haacke EM, DelProposto ZS, Chaturvedi S, et al February 2007. Imaging cerebral amyloid angiopathy with susceptibility-weighted imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 28 2: 316-7. PMID 17297004. ^ Greenberg SM, Vonsattel JP July 1997. Diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Sensitivity and specificity of cortical biopsy. Stroke 28 7: 1418-22. PMID 9227694. ^ Chao CP, Kotsenas AL, Broderick DF 2006. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy: CT and MR imaging findings. Radiographics 26 5: 1517-31. doi:10.1148/rg.265055090. PMID 16973779. ^ Scolding NJ, Joseph F, Kirby PA, et al March 2005. Abeta-related angiitis: primary angiitis of the central nervous system associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Brain 128 Pt 3: 500-15. doi:10.1093/brain/awh379. PMID 15659428. ^ Nagai A, Terashima M, Sheikh AM, et al 2008. Involvement of cystatin C in pathophysiology of CNS diseases. Front. Biosci. 13: 3470-9. PMID 18508448. ^ Vidal R, Frangione B, Rostagno A, et al June 1999. A stop-codon mutation in the BRI gene associated with familial British dementia. Nature 399 6738: 776-81. doi:10.1038/21637. PMID 10391242. This cardiovascular system article is a stub. v d e Metabolic disease: amyloidosis E85, 277.3 Forms of amyloid Serum amyloid P component - Serum amyloid A - Transthyretin - Beta-2 microglobulin - Bence Jones protein/Multiple myeloma - Amyloid precursor protein/Beta amyloid - Amylin Systemic amyloidosis AL amyloidosis - AA amyloidosis - Haemodialysis-associated amyloidosis - Senile systemic amyloidosis - Finnish type amyloidosis - Familial Merranean fever Organ-limited amyloidosis heart: Cardiac amyloidosis brain: Familial amyloid neuropathy - Cerebral amyloid angiopathy - Alzheimer's disease kidney: Familial renal amyloidosis cutaneous: Primary cutaneous amyloidosis Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Cerebral_amyloid_angiopathy Categories: Cardiovascular diseases | Neurological disorders | Cardiovascular system stubs | Metabolic disordersHidden categories: Medicine articles needing expert attention | Articles needing expert attention | Pages needing expert attention Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page This page was last modified on 23 June 2008, at 18:0
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