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07-SEPTEMBER-2008 03:17:44 - Cyclothymia July 2007 Cyclothymia Classification and external resources ICD-10 F34.0 ICD-9 301.13 Cyclothymia pronounced /ËŒsaɪkləˈθaɪmiÉ™, ËŒsɪklÉ™-/ is a mood disorder. This disorder is a milder form of bipolar II disorder consisting of recurrent mood disturbances between hypomania and dysthymic mood. A single episode of hypomania is sufficient to diagnose cyclothymic disorder; however, most individuals also have dysthymic periods. The diagnosis of cyclothymic disorder is never made when there is a history of mania or major depressive episode or mixed episode as told in Blueprints in Psychiatry - mood disorders. The lifetime prevalence of cyclothymic disorder is 0.4-1%. The rate appears equal in men or women, though women more often seek treatment. Contents 1 Diagnostic criteria 1.1 DSM-IV-TR 1.2 ICD-10 2 Differential diagnosis 3 Causes 4 Treatment 5 See also 6 External links Diagnostic criteria DSM-IV-TR During the first two years of the disorder, the patient has not fulfilled enough criteria to qualify as having either bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder. Symptoms are present for at least two years: periods of hypomanic symptoms and periods of low mood that do not fulfill the criteria for major depressive disorder. The longest period the patient has been free of symptoms is two months. The disorder cannot be better explained as schizoaffective disorder, and it is not superimposed on schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder or psychotic disorder not otherwise specified. Symptoms are not directly caused by a general medical condition or the use of any substances such as prescription medicines. The symptoms cause the patient clinically significant distress or impair work, social or personal functioning. A person with this disorder may experience euphoric highs, boosts of energy and require less sleep in one phase, followed by a severe mood swings into a depressive state coupled with negativity sadness for no particular reason. These mood swings are not as severe as bipolar I disorder or bipolar II disorder. Cyclothymia is to bipolar disorder as Dysthymia a mild form of clinical depression is to major depressive disorder. ICD-10 A persistently unstable mood, involving many periods of mild depression and mild elation. This instability usually develops in late adolescence and follows a chronic course, although moods may be within norms for months at a time. Mood swings are usually perceived by the individual as being unrelated to life events. The diagnosis is difficult to establish without a prolonged period of observation or an unusually good account of the individual's past behaviour. Because the mood swings are relatively mild and the episodes of mood elevation may be enjoyable, cyclothymia frequently fails to come to medical attention. In some cases this may be because the mood change, although present, is less prominent than cyclical changes in activity, self-confidence, sociability, or appetitive behaviour. If required, age of onset may be specified as early in late teenage or the twenties or later. The essential feature is a persistent instability of mood, involving numerous periods of mild depression and mild elation, none of which has been sufficiently severe or prolonged to fulfill the criteria for bipolar disorder or recurrent depressive disorder. This implies that individual episodes of mood swings do not fulfill the criteria for any of the categories described under manic episode or major depressive episode. Differential diagnosis This disorder is common in the relatives of patients with bipolar disorder and some individuals with cyclothymia eventually develop bipolar disorder themselves. It may persist throughout adult life, cease temporarily or permanently, or develop into more severe mood swings meeting the criteria for bipolar disorder or recurrent depressive disorder in rare cases. Causes Cyclothymia appears to have a genetic contribution, which has been shown by a range of twin studies involving dizygotic fraternal and monozygotic identical twins. 1 Psychosocial factors have also been implicated, for example stressful life events or living conditions, and interpersonal difficulties. In addition, some hypotheses posit that the hypomanic episodes have meaning in the context of a person seeking to achieve goals or to avoid depression.citation needed Treatment Treatment for cyclothymia can include a variety of cognitive behavioral therapy techniques. Prescription drugs such as lamotrigine, lithium, verapamil 2 and benzodiazepines are often used to treat cyclothymia. See also Cylothymic personality Dysthymia Euthymia Motivation Ultradian Bipolar Disorder External links Psychnet UK Cyclothymic Disorder information sheet Cyclothymia Symptoms from CounsellingResource.com Cyclothymia from Psycom.net Cyclothymia from McmanWeb What Is Cyclothymia? from Mental Health Matters Mental Health Matters: Cyclothymia from Mental Health Matters Cyclothymia Workbook from All About Depression Bipolar4all UK support site CyclothymiaCollective English language blog that connects to forum on Cyclothymia Cyclothymia : Through The Patient's Eyes useful course module v d e WHO ICD-10 mental and behavioral disorders F · 290-319 Neurological/symptomatic Dementia Alzheimer's disease, multi-infarct dementia, Pick's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, AIDS dementia complex, Frontotemporal dementia, Elopement, Sundowning, Wandering · Delirium · Post-concussion syndrome · Organic brain syndrome Psychoactive substance alcohol drunkenness, alcohol dependence, alcoholic hallucinosis, Alcohol withdrawal, delirium tremens, Korsakoff's syndrome, alcohol abuse · opioids opioid dependency · sedative/hypnotic benzodiazepine withdrawal · cocaine cocaine dependence · general Intoxication, Drug abuse, Physical dependence, Withdrawal Psychotic disorder Schizophrenia disorganized schizophrenia · Schizophreniform disorder · Schizotypal personality disorder · Delusional disorder · Folie à deux · Schizoaffective disorder Mood affective Mania · Bipolar disorder · Clinical depression · Cyclothymia · Dysthymia Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform Anxiety disorder Agoraphobia, Panic disorder, Panic attack, Generalized anxiety disorder, Social anxiety, Social phobia · OCD · Acute stress reaction · PTSD · Adjustment disorder · Conversion disorder Ganser syndrome · Somatoform disorder Somatization disorder, Body dysmorphic disorder, Hypochondriasis, Nosophobia, Da Costa's syndrome, Psychalgia · Neurasthenia Physiological/physical behavioral Eating disorder: Anorexia nervosa · Bulimia nervosa Sleep disorder: Dyssomnia Hypersomnia, Insomnia · Parasomnia REM behavior disorder, Night terror · Nightmare Sexual dysfunction: Erectile dysfunction · Premature ejaculation · Vaginismus · Dyspareunia · Hypersexuality · Female sexual arousal disorder Postpartum depression · Postnatal psychosis Adult personality and behavior Personality disorder · Passive-aggressive behavior · Kleptomania · Trichotillomania · Voyeurism · Factitious disorder · Munchausen syndrome · Ego-dystonic sexual orientation · Fetishism Mental retardation Mental retardation Psychological development developmental disorder Specific: speech and language expressive language disorder, aphasia, expressive aphasia, receptive aphasia, Landau-Kleffner syndrome, lisp · Scholastic skills dyslexia, dysgraphia, Gerstmann syndrome · Motor function developmental dyspraxia Pervasive: Autism · Rett syndrome · Asperger syndrome Behavioral and emotional, childhood and adolescence onset ADHD · Conduct disorder · Oppositional defiant disorder · Separation anxiety disorder · Selective mutism · Reactive attachment disorder · Tic disorder · Tourette syndrome · Speech stuttering · cluttering Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Cyclothymia Categories: Mood disordersHidden categories: Articles lacking sources from July 2007 | All articles lacking sources | All articles with statements | Articles with statements since September 2007 Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Deutsch Ελληνικά Français Italiano Nederlands Polski РуÑ?Ñ?кий СрпÑ?ки / Srpski Suomi Svenska This page was last modified on 20 August 2008, at 14:14
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