Sierra Acai Company
Sierra Acai Company
Open 7 Days a Week
MonaVie Independent Distributor
Distributor Training
Shop Online
Enroll Now
Buy Wholesale and maintain an Active status for 2 months and we will refund your $39 Distributor Fee
Friends
Buy Wholesale and maintain an Active status for 2 months and we will refund your $39 Distributor Fee
07-SEPTEMBER-2008 03:17:44 - Korsakoff's syndrome Korsakoff's syndrome Classification and external resources Thiamine ICD-10 F10.6 ICD-9 291.1, 294.0 DiseasesDB 14107 eMedicine med/2405 MeSH D020915 Korsakoff's syndrome Korsakoff's psychosis, amnesic-confabulatory syndrome, is a brain disorder caused by the lack of thiamine vitamin B1 in the brain. The syndrome is named after Sergei Korsakoff, the neuropsychiatrist who popularized the theory. Contents 1 Symptoms 1.1 Signs 2 Treatment 3 Causes 4 Prevention 5 Case studies 6 In popular culture 7 References 8 External links Symptoms There are six major symptoms of Korsakoff's syndrome: anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia, severe memory loss confabulation, that is, invented memories which are then taken as true due to gaps in memory sometimes associated with blackouts meager content in conversation lack of insight apathy - the patients lose interest in things quickly and generally appear indifferent to change. These symptoms are caused by a deficiency of thiamine vitamin B1, which is thought to cause damage to the medial thalamus and possibly to the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus as well as generalized cerebral atrophy.1 When Wernicke's encephalopathy accompanies Korsakoff's syndrome, the combination is called the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Korsakoff's is a continuum of Wernicke's encephalopathy, though a recognised episode of Wernicke's is not always obvious. Korsakoff's involves neuronal loss, that is, damage to neurons; gliosis which is a result of damage to supporting cells of the central nervous system; and hemorrhage or bleeding in mammillary bodies. Damage to the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus is also associated with this disorder. Signs Ataxia Apathy Retrograde and anterograde amnesia Confabulation Tremors Paralysis of muscles controlling the eye Lack of insight to the condition Coma Treatment It has been the case that a person suffering korsakoffs disease will eventually need full time care, However this is not the case and with treatment there is every chance that a person can keep independence and live at home with a good quality of life...Ref http://www.korsakoffs.com Treatment involves replacing the thiamine by intravenous IV or intramuscular IM injection, and providing proper nutrition and hydration. However, the amnesia and brain damage caused by the disease does not always respond to thiamine replacement therapy. In some cases, drug therapy is recommended to the patient. If treatment is successful, signs will show within two years though recovery is slow and often incomplete. Causes Conditions resulting in the vitamin deficiency and its effects include chronic alcoholism, and severe malnutrition. Alcoholism is often an indicator of poor nutrition, which in addition to inflammation of the stomach lining, causes thiamine deficiency.2 As well as alcohol abuse, causes include dietary deficiencies, prolonged vomiting, eating disorders, or the effects of chemotherapy. It can also occur in pregnant women who have a form of extreme morning sickness known as hyperemesis gravidarum.3 Mercury poisoning can also cause it. It has also been caused by centipede mukade bites in Japan4. Due to malnutrition and a lack of Thiamine, the hippocampus begins to decay, leaving holes that disallows one's rehearsed information within short term memory to transfer to long term memory anterograde amnesia. However long term memory prior to the disorder can remain intact. Prevention The most effective method of preventing Korsakoff's syndrome is to avoid B vitamin/thiamine deficiency. In Western nations the most common cause of such deficiency is alcoholism. Thiamine was introduced to alcoholic beverages in the U.S. for a time, but this does not appear to have an effect on Korsakoff's syndrome, as the cause of Korsakoff's syndrome in chronic alcoholics is not a deficiency of thiamine in the diet, but rather a reduction in the body's ability to absorb thiamine in the intestine.3 In the U.S., government mandates to adding thiamine to alcoholic beverages have been blocked for this reason and also by political groups asserting that such supplementation would encourage alcohol use.citation needed Also, alcohol is, by itself, neurotoxic. It will cause neural damage taken in excess, especially in the hippocampus. The body responds to alcohol ingestion by releasing cortisol as a neuroprotective mechanism animals that have been adrenalectomized may be killed by a fraction of the dose of alcohol that an unadrenalectomized animal may tolerate. Cortisol, specifically, has been shown to cause irreversible damage to the hippocampus when present in large amounts for extended periods of time.5 Alcohol in excess may be causal in and of itself in Korsakoff dementia regardless of thiamine addition to spirits. Alcohol toxicity is cumulative; cessation of its use, or never having used it, will reduce risk of korsakoff and other dementias. Case studies A famous case study is recounted by Oliver Sacks in The Lost Mariner, which can be found in The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat. Other cases include that of artist Charles Blackman6 and entertainer Graham Kennedy.7 In popular culture In the fictional show House, episode Histories, the clinic patient suffers from Korsakoff's as a result of malnutrition. In the novel Mona Lisa Overdrive, the character Slick was incarcerated in a chemo-penal unit with induced Korsakov's sic. In the British movie The Wrong Box, Peter Sellers plays a doctor suffering from Korsakoff's syndrome, who is reduced to signing reports of more than questionable medical content, while telling everybody of his former lavish Mayfair office, where only the Lords and Counts used to be his clientèle. References ^ Kolb Whishaw: Fundamentals of Human Neuropsychology, 2003, pages 473-473 ^ http://www.alzheimers.org.uk/Facts_about_dementia/What_is_dementia/info_korsakoffs.htm ^ a b Korsakoff's syndrome ^ Centipede bites in Japan. Cutis. 1991 - PubMed Result ^ Tree shrews, cortisol, and the hippocampus ^ Artist's wonderland is back in town - Arts - Entertainment - theage.com.au ^ Bulletin - Graham Kennedy External links Strangers is a play by Edward Einhorn based on the syndrome. The Merck Manual: Function And Dysfunction Of The Cerebral Lobes - Amnesias - Korsakoff's syndrome Simple description of Korsakoff's syndrome Citizendium's article on Korsakoff's syndrome v d e WHO ICD-10 mental and behavioral disorders F · 290-319 Neurological/symptomatic Dementia Alzheimer's disease, multi-infarct dementia, Pick's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, AIDS dementia complex, Frontotemporal dementia, Elopement, Sundowning, Wandering · Delirium · Post-concussion syndrome · Organic brain syndrome Psychoactive substance alcohol drunkenness, alcohol dependence, alcoholic hallucinosis, Alcohol withdrawal, delirium tremens, Korsakoff's syndrome, alcohol abuse · opioids opioid dependency · sedative/hypnotic benzodiazepine withdrawal · cocaine cocaine dependence · general Intoxication, Drug abuse, Physical dependence, Withdrawal Psychotic disorder Schizophrenia disorganized schizophrenia · Schizophreniform disorder · Schizotypal personality disorder · Delusional disorder · Folie à deux · Schizoaffective disorder Mood affective Mania · Bipolar disorder · Clinical depression · Cyclothymia · Dysthymia Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform Anxiety disorder Agoraphobia, Panic disorder, Panic attack, Generalized anxiety disorder, Social anxiety, Social phobia · OCD · Acute stress reaction · PTSD · Adjustment disorder · Conversion disorder Ganser syndrome · Somatoform disorder Somatization disorder, Body dysmorphic disorder, Hypochondriasis, Nosophobia, Da Costa's syndrome, Psychalgia · Neurasthenia Physiological/physical behavioral Eating disorder: Anorexia nervosa · Bulimia nervosa Sleep disorder: Dyssomnia Hypersomnia, Insomnia · Parasomnia REM behavior disorder, Night terror · Nightmare Sexual dysfunction: Erectile dysfunction · Premature ejaculation · Vaginismus · Dyspareunia · Hypersexuality · Female sexual arousal disorder Postpartum depression · Postnatal psychosis Adult personality and behavior Personality disorder · Passive-aggressive behavior · Kleptomania · Trichotillomania · Voyeurism · Factitious disorder · Munchausen syndrome · Ego-dystonic sexual orientation · Fetishism Mental retardation Mental retardation Psychological development developmental disorder Specific: speech and language expressive language disorder, aphasia, expressive aphasia, receptive aphasia, Landau-Kleffner syndrome, lisp · Scholastic skills dyslexia, dysgraphia, Gerstmann syndrome · Motor function developmental dyspraxia Pervasive: Autism · Rett syndrome · Asperger syndrome Behavioral and emotional, childhood and adolescence onset ADHD · Conduct disorder · Oppositional defiant disorder · Separation anxiety disorder · Selective mutism · Reactive attachment disorder · Tic disorder · Tourette syndrome · Speech stuttering · cluttering Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Korsakoff%27s_syndrome Categories: Memory disorders | Neurology | Malnutrition | SyndromesHidden categories: All articles with statements | Articles with statements since March 2008 Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Deutsch Español Français Hrvatski Italiano Lietuvių Nederlands 日本語 Polski Português РуÑ?Ñ?кий This page was last modified on 27 August 2008, at 21:22
39 Reasons to Drink Acai Juice Every Day
What is MonaVie - Watch the 8-minute video
Discovering MonaVie Video
The Power of You Video
Effects of MonaVie Active on Antioxidant Capacity in Humans
Log into your Wholesale MonaVie Account
So many of us do not eat a balanced diet, get enough sleep, have too much stress, or are impacted with toxins and pollutants. Drinking 2 ounces of MonaVie twice a day will help your body detoxify as well as build your immune system. Its the smartest thing you can do for yourself, so start today. Buying MonaVie through our company guarantees you support 7 days a week and, if you would like to share MonaVie with your family and friends we will guide you from start to finish.
1. Click on Enroll Now (30 - 55% off retail price)
2. Pay $39 for your Wholesale ID number.
3. NO minimum order required.
4. MonaVie is delivered to your door in 3 to 5 days.