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07-SEPTEMBER-2008 03:17:44 - Reticuloendothelial system Redirected from Lymphoreticular system The reticuloendothelial system RES, part of the immune system, consists of the phagocytic cells located in reticular connective tissue, primarily monocytes and macrophages. These cells accumulate in lymph nodes and the spleen. The Kupffer cells of the liver and tissue histiocytes are also part of the RES. Mononuclear phagocytic system and lymphoreticular system are synonymous with RES. The reticuloendothelial system is divided into primary and secondary lymphoid organs. Contents 1 Primary lymphoid organs 2 Secondary lymphoid organs 2.1 Function 3 Clinical significance 4 External links Primary lymphoid organs Primary or central lymphoid organs - the sites where the cells of the RES are produced. The cells of the RES are produced in the bone marrow. The thymus is also included as it is the required site for T cell maturation. Secondary lymphoid organs Secondary or peripheral lymphoid organs - the sites where the cells of the RES function. This includes the lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen, and MALT mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. MALT is further divided into the GALT gut-associated lymphoid tissue and the BALT bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. The Kupffer cells of the liver act as part of this system but are not organized into a tissue; rather, they are dispersed throughout the liver sinusoids. The microglia of the Central Nervous System CNS can be considered a part of the reticuloendoethelial system. They are scavenger cells that proliferate in response to CNS injury. Function The secondary lymphoid structures function to survey all entering or circulating antigen and to mobilize an immune response against foreign antigen upon its discovery. The GALT and BALT are privy to a myriad of antigen entering the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, respectively. All extracellular fluid must filter through lymph nodes as it traverses the lymphatics on its way back to the systemic circulation. Antigen residing in the interstitium is thus swept to the lymph nodes for processing. Finally, the spleen filters the blood in search of antigen. Upon the discovery of foreign antigen, all of these tissues react in a similar manner to amass an appropriate and multifaceted immune response. Clinical significance In patients with haemochromatosis the reticuloendothelial system is a site of iron acumulation. Lymphoma of the reticuloendothelial system is called reticuloendotheliosis. External links MeSH Reticuloendothelial+system 550502460 at GPnotebook Immunology at MCG 1/reticulo v d e Immune system / Immunology Systems Adaptive immune system vs. Innate immune system · Humoral immune system vs. Cellular immune system · Complement system Anaphylatoxins · Intrinsic immune system Antibodies and antigens Antibody Monoclonal antibodies, Polyclonal antibodies, Autoantibody · Allotype · Isotype · Idiotype · Antigen Superantigen · Polyclonal B cell response Immune cells/White blood cells Lymphoid: T cell · B cell · NK cell Myeloid: Mast cell · Basophil · Eosinophil · Macrophage Phagocytes: Neutrophil · Macrophage/Reticuloendothelial system Professional APCs: Dendritic cell · Macrophage · B cell Immunity vs. tolerance Immunity · Autoimmunity · Allergy · Tolerance Central · Immunodeficiency Immunogenetics Somatic hypermutation · VDJ recombination · Immunoglobulin class switching · MHC/HLA Substances Cytokines · Opsonin · Cytolysin Other Inflammation · Epitope Linear epitope and Conformational epitope · Hapten · Cross-reactivity · Diagnostic immunology · Immune complex This immunology article is a stub. Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Reticuloendothelial_system Categories: Immune system | Immunology stubs Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Català Italiano 日本語 Polski Português This page was last modified on 7 July 2008, at 15:02
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