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07-SEPTEMBER-2008 03:17:44 - Mouth June 2008 Mouth Head and neck. A human mouth, closed. Latin cavitas oris MeSH Oral+cavity Dorlands/Elsevier c_16/12220513 The mouth or oral cavity is the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food and begins digestion by mechanically breaking up the solid food particles into smaller pieces and mixing them with saliva.1 It is lined with a mucous membrane as opposed to the exterior of the body, which is lined with skin. The lips mark the transition from mucous membrane to skin. Contents 1 In humans 1.1 Mouth cavity 1.2 Function 1.3 Cultural aspects 1.4 Development 2 In animals 3 See also 4 Additional images 5 References 6 External links In humans Mouth cavity The first space of the mouth is the mouth cavity, bounded laterally and in front by the alveolar arches containing the teeth, and posteriorily by the isthmus of the fauces. The oral cavity is also known as the mouth which it swallows food and drinks and goes down to the person's stomach. Function The mouth plays an important role in speech it is part of the vocal apparatus, facial expression, kissing, eating, drinking especially with a straw breathing. Infants are born with a sucking reflex, by which they instinctively know to suck for nourishment using their lips and jaw. Cultural aspects According to western etiquette, the mouth is kept closed, especially when chewing. Lips can be adorned with lipstick or lip gloss, although in most cultures this is typically only practised by females. Piercings have been made popular by the younger generations. Lip, tongue, and the 'Monroe' Monroe piercing is a stud piercing placed on one's face in the same area as Marilyn Monroe's well known and prominent birthmark was are piercings seen in many varieties. Piercings of any sort besides two subtle earrings are seen as rebellious to the norm in many western cultures. Development The philtrum is the vertical groove in the upper lip, formed where the nasomedial and maxillary processes meet during embryo development. When these processes fail to fuse fully, a hare lip and/or cleft palate can result. The nasolabial folds are the deep creases of tissue that extend from the nose to the sides of the mouth. One of the first signs of age on the human face is the increase in prominence of the nasolabial folds. In animals An alligator's mouth. An alligator's mouth. Some animal phyla, including vertebrates, have a complete digestive system, with a mouth at one end and an anus at the other. Which end forms first in ontogeny is a criterion used to classify animals into protostome and deuterostome. The first space of the mouth is the mouth cavity, bounded laterally and in front by the alveolar arches containing the teeth, and posteriorly by the isthmus of the fauces.2 See also Head and neck anatomy Mouth breathing List of oral health and dental topics List of basic dentistry topics Additional images Sagittal section of nose mouth, pharynx, and larynx. A male human mouth. References ^ Maton, Anthea; Jean Hopkins, Charles William McLaughlin, Susan Johnson, Maryanna Quon Warner, David LaHart, Jill D. Wright 1993. Human Biology and Health. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-981176-1. ^ Maton, Anthea; Jean Hopkins, Charles William McLaughlin, Susan Johnson, Maryanna Quon Warner, David LaHart, Jill D. Wright 1993. Human Biology and Health. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-981176-1. External links oral+cavity at eMedicine Dictionary v d e Human anatomical features Head Skull · Forehead · Eye · Ear · Nose · Mouth · Tongue · Teeth · Jaw · Face · Cheek · Chin Neck Throat · Adam's apple Torso Shoulders · Spine · Breast Tail of Spence · Chest · Ribcage · Abdomen · Navel Sex organs Clitoris · Vagina · Penis · Scrotum · Testicle - Hip · Anus · Buttocks Limbs Arm · Elbow · Forearm · Wrist · Hand · Finger Thumb · Index · Middle · Ring · Little · Leg · Lap · Thigh · Knee · Calf · Heel · Ankle · Foot · Toe Hallux Skin Hair v d e Anatomy of torso, digestive system: Gastrointestinal tract Upper GI To stomach Mouth Pharynx nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx Esophagus UES, LES Crop Stomach rugae - gastric pits - cardia/gland - fundus/gland - pylorus/gland - pyloric antrum - pyloric canal - greater curvature - lesser curvature - angular incisure Lower GI Intestine: small Duodenum Suspensory muscle, Major duodenal papilla, Minor duodenal papilla Duodenojejunal flexure Jejunum Ileum Ileocecal valve continuous intestinal villus, crypts of Lieberkühn, circular folds Intestine: large Vermiform appendix Cecum Colon ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon continuous taenia coli, haustra, epiploic appendix Termination Rectum: Houston valve rectal ampulla pectinate line Anal canal: anal valves anal sinuses anal columns Hilton's white line Anus: Sphincter ani internus muscle Sphincter ani externus muscle Lymph GALT: Peyer's patches M cells v d e General anatomy of head and neck - head Face/Occiput Forehead Eye Orbit/Periorbita, Trochlea Ear Temple Cheek Chin Scalp Nose External nose Nostril Nasal septum cartilages of the septum, Greater alar, Lesser alar, Lateral nasal, Accessory nasal, Vomeronasal Olfactory glands Nasal cavity Nasal concha Sphenoethmoidal recess Ethmoid bulla Semilunar hiatus Maxillary hiatus Inferior meatus Vomeronasal organ Paranasal sinuses Naso-pharynx Choana - Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube Salpingopharyngeal fold, Salpingopalatine fold, Torus tubarius - Pharyngeal tonsil - Pharyngeal recess Mouth/oral cavity Palate/roof of mouth Hard palate Soft palate Palatine raphe Incisive papilla Tongue dorsum Taste bud, Median sulcus, Terminal sulcus, Foramen cecum, Lingual tonsils underside Frenulum, Plica fimbriata, Sublingual caruncle Anterior Posterior Glossoepiglottic folds Teeth Permanent Incisor, Canine, Premolar, Molar Deciduous Oro-pharynx arches/fauces Palatoglossal, Palatopharyngeal Oropharyngeal isthmus Palatine tonsil Uvula Salivary glands Parotid gland/Parotid duct Submandibular gland/Submandibular duct Sublingual gland/Major sublingual duct Other Lip Upper, Lower Philtrum Pterygomandibular raphe Vestibule of mouth Fascia Masseteric fascia - Temporal fascia - Galea aponeurotica v d e Oral Pathology: Stomatognathic disease K00-K14, 520-529 Developmental anomalies of teeth Quantity Anodontia/Hypodontia - Hyperdontia Abnormalities of size and form Concrescence - Fusion - Gemination - Dens evaginatus/Talon cusp - Dens invaginatus - Enamel pearl - Macrodontia - Microdontia - Taurodontism Disturbances in formation Dilaceration - Regional odontodysplasia - Turner's hypoplasia Other herary disturbances in structure Amelogenesis imperfecta - Dentinogenesis imperfecta - Dentin dysplasia Hard, Soft and Periapical Tissues Attrition - Abrasion - Ankylosis - Dental caries - Denticles - Erosion - External resorption - Fluorosis - Gingivitis - Impaction - Internal resorption - Periodontitis - Pulpitis - Ulcer Dentofacial Anomalies Malocclusion - Micrognathism - Prognathism - Retrognathism - Temporomandibular joint disorder Maxillomandibular anomalies Ameloblastoma - Cherubism - Congenital epulis - Odontogenic keratocyst - Torus mandibularis - Torus palatinus Salivary glands Drooling - Benign lymphoepithelial lesion - Necrotizing sialometaplasia - Ranula - Sialadenitis - Sialolithiasis - Xerostomia Lip and Oral mucosa Angular cheilitis - Erythroplakia - Leukoplakia Hairy leukoplakia - White sponge nevus Tongue Glossitis Geographic tongue - Fissured tongue - Glossodynia - Black hairy tongue Other Velopharyngeal inadequacy - Toothache - Dentigerous cyst - Stomatitis Aphthous ulcer see also neoplasia Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Mouth Categories: Human anatomy | Head and neck | Oral pathology | Mouth | AnatomyHidden category: Articles needing additional references from June 2008 Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages العربية Asturianu Avañe'ẽ Aymar AzÉ™rbaycan Bân-lâm-gú Bosanski БългарÑ?ки Català Česky Corsu Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Euskara Ù?ارسی Français Frysk Gà idhlig Galego í•œêµì–´ Hrvatski Igbo Bahasa Indonesia Ã?slenska Italiano עברית Kapampangan Kurdî / كوردی Latina LatvieÅ¡u Lietuvių Lingála Magyar МакедонÑ?ки മലയാളം Bahasa Melayu NÄ?huatl Nederlands नेपाल à¤à¤¾à¤·à¤¾ 日本語 ‪Norsk bokmÃ¥l‬ ‪Norsk nynorsk‬ Pangasinan Polski Português Română Runa Simi РуÑ?Ñ?кий Sicilianu Simple English SlovenÄ?ina SlovenÅ¡Ä?ina СрпÑ?ки / Srpski Srpskohrvatski / СрпÑ?кохрватÑ?ки Basa Sunda Suomi Svenska Tagalog தமிழà¯? తెలà±?à°—à±? ไทย Тоҷикӣ Türkçe УкраїнÑ?ька ייִדיש 粵語 Zazaki ä¸æ–‡ This page was last modified on 28 August 2008, at 23:40
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