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07-SEPTEMBER-2008 03:17:44 - Phosphatidylserine Phosphatidylserine Identifiers CAS number 8002-43-5 PubChem 445141 Properties Molecular formula C13H24NO10P Molar mass 385.304 Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 °C, 100 kPa Infobox references Phosphatidylserine abbreviated Ptd-L-Ser, or PS is a phospholipid component, usually kept on the inner-leaflet of cell membranes by an enzyme called translocase. Contents 1 Health Benefits 1.1 Memory and Cognition 1.2 Sports Nutrition 1.3 Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder 2 Safety 3 Dietary Sources 4 Applications 4.1 Research 4.2 Tumour 5 External links 6 References Health Benefits Memory and Cognition Early studies of phosphatidylserine distilled the chemical from bovine brain. Because of concerns about BSE, however, modern studies and commercially available products are made from soybeans. The fatty acids attached to the serine in the soy product are not identical to those in the bovine product, which is also impure. However, preliminary studies indicate that the soy product is at least as effective as that of bovine origin. 12 On May 13, 2003, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration stated based on its evaluation of the totality of the publicly available scientific evidence, the agency concludes that there is not significant scientific agreement among qualified experts that a relationship exists between phosphatidylserine and reduced risk of dementia or cognitive dysfunction. FDA did, however give qualified health claim status to phosphatidylserine, stating that Consumption of phosphatidylserine may reduce the risk of dementia in the elderly and Consumption of phosphatidylserine may reduce the risk of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. Sports Nutrition Phosphatidylserine has been demonstrated to speed up recovery, prevent muscle soreness, improve well-being, and might possess ergogenic properties in athletes involved in cycling, weight training and endurance running. PS has been reported to be an effective supplement for combating exercise-induced stress by blunting the exercise-induced increase in cortisol levels.3 PS supplementation promotes a desirable hormonal balance for athletes and might attenuate the physiological deterioration that accompanies overtraining and/or overstretching.4 In recent studies, PS has been shown to enhance mood in a cohort of young people during mental stress and to improve accuracy during tee-off by increasing the stress resistance of golfers.5 Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder First pilot studies indicate that PS supplementation might be beneficial for children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.67 Safety Traditionally, PS supplements were derived from bovine cortex BC-PS; however, due to the potential transfer of infectious diseases, soy-derived PS S-PS has been established as a safe alternative. Soy-derived PS is Generally Recognized As Safe GRAS and is a safe nutritional supplement for older persons if taken up to a dosage of 200 mg three times daily. 8 Phosphatidylserine has been shown to reduce specific immune response in mice. 910 Dietary Sources PS can be found in meat fish, but is most abundant in the brain and in innards such as liver and kidney. Only small amounts of PS can be found in dairy products or in vegetables, with the exception of white beans. Table 1. PS content in different foods.11 Food PS Content in mg/100 g Bovine brain 713 Atlantic mackerel 480 Chicken heart 414 Atlantic herring 360 Eel 335 Offal average value 305 Pig's spleen 239 Pig's kidney 218 Tuna 194 Chicken leg, with skin, without bone 134 Chicken liver 123 White beans 107 Soft-shell clam 87 Chicken breast, with skin 85 Mullet 76 Veal 72 Beef 69 Pork 57 Pig's liver 50 Turkey leg, without skin or bone 50 Turkey breast without skin 45 Crayfish 40 Cuttlefish 31 Atlantic cod 28 Anchovy 25 Whole grain barley 20 European hake 17 European pilchard sardine 16 Trout 14 Rice unpolished 3 Carrot 2 Ewe's Milk 2 Cow's Milk whole, 3.5% fat 1 Potato 1 The average daily PS intake from the diet in Western countries is estimated to be 130 mg. Applications Research Annexin-A5 is a naturally-occurring protein with avid binding affinity for PS. Labeled-annexin-A5 enables visualization of cells in the early- to mid-apoptotic state in vitro or in vivo. Tumour Technetium-labeled annexin-A5 enables distinction between malignant and benign tumours whose pathology includes a high rate of cell division and apoptosis in malignant compared with a low rate of apoptosis in benign tumours. External links DrugBank info page FDA Qualified Health Claim Phosphatidylserine and Cognitive Dysfunction and Dementia MeSH Phosphatidylserines References ^ Blokland A, Honig W, Brouns F, Jolles J October 1999. Cognition-enhancing properties of subchronic phosphatidylserine PS treatment in middle-aged rats: comparison of bovine cortex PS with egg PS and soybean PS. Nutrition 15 10: 778-83. PMID 10501292. ^ Crook, T. H.; R. M. Klatz ed 1998. Treatment of Age-Related Cognitive Decline: Effects of Phosphatidylserine in Anti-Aging Medical Therapeutics 2. Chicago: Health Quest Publications, 20-29. ^ Jäger R, Purpura M, Kingsley M 7 2007. Phospholipids and sports performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 4: 5. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-4-5. PMID 17908342. ^ Starks MA, Starks SL, Kingsley M, Purpura M, Jäger R 7 2008. The effects of phosphatidylserine on endocrine response to moderate intensity exercise. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 5: 11. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-5-11. PMID 18662395. ^ Jäger R, Purpura M, Geiss KR, Weiß M, Baumeister J, Amatulli F, Schröder L, Herwegen H. 12 2007. The effect of phosphatidylserine on golf performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 4: 23. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-4-23. PMID 18053194. ^ Hirayama S, Masuda Y, Rabeler R September/October 2006. Effect of phosphatidylserine administration on symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children. Agro Food 17 5: 32-36. ^ Vaisman N, Kaysar N, Zaruk-Adasha Y, Pelled D, Brichon G, Zwingelstein G, Bodennec J 2008. Correlation between changes in blood fatty acid composition and visual sustained attention performance in children with inattention: effect of dietary n-3 fatty acids containing phospholipids.. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 87 5: 1170-1180. PMID 18469236. ^ Jorissen BL, Brouns F, Van Boxtel MP, Riedel WJ October 2002. Safety of soy-derived phosphatidylserine in elderly people. Nutr Neurosci 5 5: 337-343. PMID 12385596. ^ Hoffmann PR, Kench JA, Vondracek A, et al February 2005. Interaction between phosphatidylserine and the phosphatidylserine receptor inhibits immune responses in vivo. J. Immunol. 174 3: 1393-404. PMID 15661897. ^ Carr DJ, Guarcello V, Blalock JE September 1992. Phosphatidylserine suppresses antigen-specific IgM production by mice orally administered sheep red blood cells. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 200 4: 548-54. PMID 1508948. ^ Souci SW, Fachmann E, Kraut H 2008. Food Composition and Nutrition Tables. Medpharm Scientific Publishers Stuttgart. This organic chemistry article is a stub. v d e Lipids: phospholipids Glycerol backbone Glycerophospholipids/ Phosphoglycerides Phosphatidyl-: -ethanolamine/cephalin - -choline/lechithin dipalmitoyl- - -serine - -glycerol - -inositol glyco- phosphatidylinositol phosphates: PIP1 - PIP2 3,4, 3,5, 4,5 - PIP3 Cardiolipin Ether lipids: Plasmalogen Platelet-activating factor Sphingosine backbone Sphingomyelin Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Phosphatidylserine Categories: Phospholipids | Membrane biology | Dietary supplements | Nutrition | Organic chemistry stubs Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Français Nederlands РуÑ?Ñ?кий ä¸æ–‡ This page was last modified on 9 August 2008, at 16:53
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