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Buy Wholesale and maintain an Active status for 2 months and we will refund your $39 Distributor Fee
07-SEPTEMBER-2008 03:17:44 - Secondary metabolite Redirected from Secondary metabolites INTRODUCTION TO SECONDARY METABOLITES: Secondary metabolites are organic compounds that are not directly involved in the normal growth, development or reproduction of organisms. Unlike primary metabolites, absence of secondary metabolities results not in immediate death, but in long-term impairment of the organism's survivability/fecundity or aesthetics, or perhaps in no significant change at all. Secondary metabolites are often restricted to a narrow set of species within a phylogenetic group. The function or importance of these compounds to the organism is usually of an ecological nature as they are used as defenses against predators, parasites and diseases, for interspecies competition, and to facilitate the reproductive processes coloring agents, attractive smells, etc. Since these compounds are usually restricted to a much more limited group of organisms, they have long been of prime importance in taxonomic research. Secondary metabolites may be likely candidates for drug or other technological development directly, or as an inspiration for unnatural products. This will concern secondary metabolites in plants, bacteria, fungi and many marine organisms sponges, tunicates, corals, snails. In some cases, higher organisms will host a microorganism which is the actual producer of the product in question, as part of a symbiotic relationship. Most of the secondary metabolites of interest to man fit into the following categories, and some fall into more than one: These categories are broad categories which classify secondary metabolites based on their biosynthetic origin. Since secondary metabolites are often created by modified primary metabolite synthases, or borrow substrates of primary metabolite origin, these categories should not be interpreted as saying that all molecules in the category are secondary metabolites for example the steroid category, but rather that there are secondary metabolites in these categories. Small small molecules Alkaloids usually a small, heavily derivatized amino acid: Hyoscyamine, present in Datura stramonium Atropine, present in Atropa belladonna, Deadly nightshade Cocaine, present in Erythroxylon coca the Coca plant Codeine and Morphine, present in Papaver somniferum, the opium poppy Tetrodotoxin, a microbial product in Fugu and some salamanders Terpenoids come from semiterpene oligomerization: Azadirachtin, Neem tree Artemisinin, present in Artemisia annua Chinese wormwood tetrahydrocannabinol, present in cannabis sativa Steroids Terpenes with a particular ring structure Saponins plant steroids, often glycosylated Glycosides heavily modified sugar molecules: Nojirimycin Glucosinolates Phenols: Resveratrol Phenazines: Pyocyanin Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid and derivatives Big small molecules, produced by large, modular, molecular factories. Polyketides: Erythromycin Discodermolide Fatty acid synthase products : FR-900848 U-106305 phloroglucinols Nonribosomal peptides: Vancomycin Thiostrepton Ramoplanin Teicoplanin Gramicidin Bacitracin Hybrids of the above three: Epothilone Non-small molecules - DNA, RNA, ribosome, or polysaccharide classical biopolymers. Ribosomal peptides: Microcin-J25 See also Secondary metabolism Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Secondary_metabolite Categories: Plant physiology | Metabolism Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages ÄŒesky Deutsch Español Français ‪Norsk bokmÃ¥l‬ SlovenÄ?ina УкраїнÑ?ька This page was last modified on 26 August 2008, at 15:26
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So many of us do not eat a balanced diet, get enough sleep, have too much stress, or are impacted with toxins and pollutants. Drinking 2 ounces of MonaVie twice a day will help your body detoxify as well as build your immune system. Its the smartest thing you can do for yourself, so start today. Buying MonaVie through our company guarantees you support 7 days a week and, if you would like to share MonaVie with your family and friends we will guide you from start to finish.
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