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14-September-2008 11:27:25 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Notepad To comply with 's quality standards, this article may need to be rewritten. The discussion page may contain suggestions. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Logo of the CDC Logo of the CDC Agency overview Formed July 1, 1946 Headquarters Atlanta, Georgia Employees 15,000 Annual Budget $8.8 billion USD 2008 Website http://www.cdc.gov The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or CDC is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services based in Atlanta, Georgia adjacent to the campus of Emory University and east of downtown Atlanta. It works to protect public health and safety by providing information to enhance health decisions, and it promotes health through partnerships with state health departments and other organizations. The CDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease prevention and control especially infectious diseases, environmental health, occupational safety and health, health promotion, prevention and education activities designed to improve the health of the people of the United States. Contents 1 History 2 Budget and workforce 3 Organizational Structure 4 Data and survey systems 5 Publications 6 See also 7 References 8 External links History The tone or style of this section may not be appropriate for . Specific concerns may be found on the talk page. See 's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. November 2007 See also: CDC Timeline On July 1, 1946, the Communicable Disease Center was established as a small branch of the U.S. Public Health Service and was located on the sixth floor of the Volunteer Building on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia, hundreds of miles from Washington, D.C., and other federal agencies and in what was once the heart of the malaria zone. The new agency was descended from the wartime agency, Malaria Control in War Areas. CDC initially focused on fighting malaria by killing mosquitoes. During the first year of operations, 59 percent of its personnel were engaged in this effort. Among its 369 employees, the key jobs at CDC were originally entomology and engineering. In 1946, there were only seven medical officers on duty. At that time CDC's budget was about $1 million. The insecticide DDT, available since 1943, was the primary weapon in the malaria fight, and CDC's early challenges included obtaining enough trucks, sprayers, and shovels to wage the war on mosquitoes. In CDC's initial years, more than six and a half million homes were sprayed, and an early organization chart was drawn, somewhat fancifully, in the shape of a mosquito. CDC founder Dr. Joseph Mountin continued to advocate for public health issues and to push for CDC to extend its responsibilities to many other communicable diseases. In 1947, CDC made a token payment of $10 to Emory University for 15 acres of land on Clifton Road in Atlanta, the home of CDC headquarters today. CDC employees collected the money to make the purchase. The benefactor behind the gift was Robert Woodruff, Chairman of the Board of the Coca-Cola Company. Woodruff had a long-time interest in malaria control; it had been a problem in areas where he went hunting. While it's still known by the initials CDC, the agency's name today is Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC has broadened its focus to include chronic diseases, disabilities, injury control, workplace hazards, environmental health threats, and terrorism preparedness. CDC combats emerging diseases and other health risks, including birth defects, West Nile virus, obesity, avian and pandemic flu, E. coli, auto wrecks, and bioterrorism, to name a few. CDC operates under the Department of Health and Human Services umbrella. The CDC has one of the few Bio-Safety Level 4 laboratories in the country, as well as one of only two official repositories of smallpox in the world. The second smallpox store reside at the State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR in the Russian Federation, though it is possible that other countries may have obtained samples during the collapse of the Soviet Union. Budget and workforce CDC headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia as seen from Emory University CDC headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia as seen from Emory University CDC's budget for 2008 is $8.8 billion. Today the staff numbers nearly 15,000 including 6,000 contractors and 840 Commissioned Corps officers in 170 occupations. Other CDC job titles include engineer, entomologist, epidemiologist, biologist, physician, veterinarian, behaviorial scientist, nurse, medical technologist, economist, health communicator, toxicologist, chemist, computer scientist, and statistician. In addition to the Atlanta headquarters, the CDC has 10 other locations in the United States and Puerto Rico. Those locations include Anchorage, Alaska; Cincinnati, Ohio; Fort Collins, Colorado; Hyattsville, Maryland; Morgantown, West Virginia; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; San Juan, Puerto Rico; Spokane, Washington; and Washington, D.C. In addition, CDC staff are located in state and local health agencies, quarantine/border health offices at ports of entry, and 45 countries around the world, from Angola to Zimbabwe. More than a third of CDC's employees are members of a racial or ethnic minority group, and women account for nearly 60 percent of CDC's workforce. Nearly 40 percent of employees have a master's degree; 25 percent have a Ph.D.; and 10 percent have medical degrees. The average age of a CDC worker is 46. The CDC campus in Atlanta houses facilities for the research of extremely dangerous biological agents. This setting was featured in the Dustin Hoffman film Outbreak, although the location depicted in the film was supposed to be the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases bio-research facility. The CDC labs also figure prominently in the book The Demon in the Freezer by Richard Preston and Virus Hunter by C.J. Peters, former head of the Special Pathogens Branch at the CDC. The CDC also conducts the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, the world's largest, on-going telephone health survey system.1 Organizational Structure CDC consists of centers which include the Coordinating Center for Infectious Disease, Coordinating Center for Environmental and Occupational Health and Injury Prevention, Coordinating Center for Health Promotion, and Coordinating Center for Public Health and Information Services. Data and survey systems CDC Scientific Data, Surveillance, Health Statistics, and Laboratory Information.2 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.3 Mortality Medical Data System.4 Publications Comprehensive list of publications and products5 State of CDC report6 CDC Programs in Brief7 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report8 Emerging Infectious Disease Journal9 See also Similar Agencies European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong Health Protection Agency, United Kingdom Institut de veille sanitaire, France Public Health Agency of Canada Public health References ^ Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. CDC: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Retrieved on 2006-08-05. ^ CDC Data and Statistics. CDC - National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. ^ Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. CDC - National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. ^ NCHS - Mortality Data - About the Mortality Medical Data System. CDC - National Center for Health Statistics. Retrieved on 2007-01-09. ^ CDC - Publications. CDC - National Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. ^ State of CDC Report: Fiscal Year 2005. CDC - National Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. ^ Programs In Brief: Home Page. CDC - National Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. ^ Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report - MMWR. CDC - National Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. ^ Emerging Infectious Diseases. CDC - National Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. External links The CDC Homepage CDC media relations site CDC Health Topics A to Z CDC Public Health Image Library CDC Global Communications Center Sex and the CDC, The Indypendent CDC Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory - Atlanta, Georgia The CDC Foundation operates independently from CDC as a private, nonprofit 501c3 organization incorporated in the State of Georgia. The creation of the Foundation was authorized by section 399F of the Public Health Service Act to support the mission of CDC in partnership with the private sector, including organizations, foundations, businesses, educational groups, and individuals. Centers For Disease Control And Prevention Meeting Notices and Rule Changes from The Federal Register RSS Feed v d e Agencies under the United States Department of Health and Human Services Secretary of Health and Human Services · Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services Secretariate staff offices Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services · Office of the Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services United States Department of Health and Human Services Seal Organizations under the Assistant Secretary for Health Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health · Public Health Service · Office of Public Health and Science · Administration for Children and Families · Administration on Aging · Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality · Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry · Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services · Food and Drug Administration · Health Resources and Services Administration · Indian Health Service · National Institutes of Health · Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration · Public Health Service Commissioned Corps Surgeon General v d e Atlanta history 1861 Atlanta in the Civil War 1864 Atlanta Campaign 1868 Georgia State Capitol moved 1881 International Cotton Exposition 1888 Coca-Cola invented 1895 Cotton States and International Exposition 1915 Leo Frank lynching 1960s American civil rights movement 1988 Democratic National Convention 1996 Centennial Olympics v d e Bioterrorism Related concepts Bacteria · Biological hazard · Biological warfare · Decontamination · Infectious disease · Virus · Toxin · Terrorism Biological agents Anthrax · Avian influenza · Botulinum toxin · Brucellosis · Burkholderia pseudomallei · Chlamydophila psittaci · Coxiella burnetii · Ebola · Equine Encephalitis · Foodborne illness · Fungi · Glanders · Hantavirus · Henipavirus · Legionnaires' disease · Marburg virus · Mold · Plague · Ricin · Salmonella enterica · Salmonellosis · Salmonella typhi · Smallpox · Staphylococcus · Tularemia · Typhus · Viral hemorrhagic fever Modern bioterrorist incidents 1984 Rajneeshee bioterror attack · 2001 anthrax attacks Prevention and response Australia Group · Center for Biosecurity · Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · Council of Europe Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism · Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency · Defense Threat Reduction Agency · European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control · Global Health Security Initiative · Health Threat Unit · National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center · National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity · United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases Wiktionary definition · Wikimedia Commons · Wikisource Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention Categories: 1946 establishments | Organizations based in Atlanta, Georgia | United States Department of Health and Human Services | Medical research institutesHidden categories: articles needing rewrite | All articles needing style ing | articles needing style ing from November 2007 Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Deutsch Español Français Italiano עברית Nederlands Bahasa Indonesia 日本語 Norsk bokmål Polski Português Suomi 中文 This page was last modified on 11 September 2008, at 09:34
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