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20-September-2008 10:08:30 - Chorea disease Chorea disease Classification and external resources ICD-10 G25.5 ICD-9 333.5 DiseasesDB 16662 eMedicine neuro/62 MeSH D002819 Chorea sancti viti Latin for St. Vitus' dance is an abnormal involuntary movement disorder, one of a group of neurological disorders called dyskinesias. The term chorea is derived from a Greek word χοÏ?εία a kind of dance, see chorea, as the quick movements of the feet or hands are vaguely comparable to dancing or piano playing. Contents 1 Presentation 2 Causes 3 Ballism 4 Treatment 5 See also Presentation Chorea is characterized by brief, irregular contractions that are not repetitive or rhythmic, but appear to flow from one muscle to the next. These 'dance-like' movements of chorea from the same root word as choreography often occur with athetosis, which adds twisting and writhing movements. Lumps called nodules may also form under the skin in bony areas. Causes Chorea can occur in a variety of conditions and disorders. Chorea is a primary feature of Huntington's disease, a progressive, herary movement disorder. Twenty percent of children and adolescents with rheumatic fever develop Sydenham's chorea as a complication. Chorea may also be caused by drugs levodopa, anti-convulsants, anti-psychotics, metabolic disorders, endocrine disorders, and vascular incidents. Ballism When chorea is serious, slight movements will become thrashing motions; this form of severe chorea is referred to as ballism. Walking may become peculiar, and include odd postures and leg movements. Unlike ataxia and dystonia, which affect the quality of voluntary movements or parkinsonism, which is a hindrance of voluntary movements, the movements of chorea and ballism occur on their own, without conscious effort. Treatment There is no standard course of treatment for chorea. Treatment depends on the type of chorea and the associated disease. A new drug called XENAZINE® has just been approved by the FDA in the US as of Aug 18, 2008. The press release can be found at the website for Cambridge Laboratories in the UK. http://www.camb-labs.com/press/Xenazine%20US%20approval180808.pdf The US distributor will be Prestwick Pharmaceuticals. The drug is marketed as NITOMAN® in Canada and as TETRABENAZINE® in Australia. Cause Treatment Huntington's disease A common treatment is dopaminergic antagonists, although treatment is largely supportive. Sydenham's chorea Usually involves antibiotic drugs to treat the infection, followed by drug therapy to prevent recurrence. Drug-induced chorea. Adjusting medication dosages. Metabolic and endocrine-related choreas Treated according to the causes of symptoms. See also Movement disorder Choreoathetosis v d e Pathology of the nervous system, primarily CNS G00-G47, 320-349 Inflammatory Meningitis Arachnoiditis - Encephalitis - Myelitis - Encephalomyelitis Acute disseminated - Tropical spastic paraparesis - Cavernous sinus thrombosis Systemic atrophies Huntington's disease - Spinocerebellar ataxia Friedreich's ataxia, Ataxia telangiectasia, Herary spastic paraplegia - Spinal muscular atrophy: Werdnig-Hoffman - Kugelberg-Welander - Fazio-Londe - MND ALS, PMA, PBP, PP, PLS Extrapyramidal and movement disorders Parkinson's disease - Neuroleptic malignant syndrome - Postencephalitic parkinsonism - Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration - Progressive supranuclear palsy - Striatonigral degeneration - Dystonia/Dyskinesia Spasmodic torticollis, Meige's, Blepharospasm - Essential tremor - Myoclonus - Lafora - Chorea Choreoathetosis - Restless legs - Stiff person Other degenerative/ demyelinating diseases dementia: Alzheimer's - Pick's - Dementia with Lewy bodies - Frontotemporal lobar degeneration mitochondrial disease: Leigh's demyelinating: Multiple sclerosis - Devic's - Central pontine myelinolysis - Transverse myelitis - Marchiafava-Bignami disease - CAMFAK syndrome - Alpers' Seizure/epilepsy Focal - Generalised - Status epilepticus - Myoclonic epilepsy Headache Migraine Familial hemiplegic - Cluster - Vascular - Tension Vascular Transient ischemic attack Amaurosis fugax, Transient global amnesia Cerebrovascular disease MCA, ACA, PCA, Foville's, Millard-Gubler, Lateral medullary, Weber's, Lacunar stroke Sleep disorders Insomnia - Hypersomnia - Sleep apnea Obstructive, Ondine's curse - Narcolepsy - Cataplexy - Kleine-Levin - Circadian rhythm sleep - Delayed sleep phase - Advanced sleep phase Intracranial hypertension Hydrocephalus Normal pressure - Idiopathic intracranial hypertension Other encephalopathy Brain herniation - Cerebral edema - Reye's Other spinal cord disease Syringomyelia - Syringobulbia - Morvan's syndrome - Spinal cord compression Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Chorea_disease Categories: Neurology Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Dansk Deutsch Français עברית Magyar Italiano Nederlands 日本語 ‪Norsk bokmÃ¥l‬ This page was last modified on 19 August 2008, at 20:09
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