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30-AUGUST-2008 03:13:07 - therapy This article or section is missing citations or needs footnotes. Using inline citations helps guard against copyright violations and factual inaccuracies. July 2008 This article may require cleanup to meet 's quality standards. Please improve this article if you can. July 2008 or section by expanding it. Further information might be found on the talk page or at requests for expansion. July 2008 Globe icon The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Respiratory Therapy is categorized as an allied health profession in the United States and Canada. In the United States there are currently two levels of respiratory therapist, the Certified Respiratory Therapist CRT and the Registered Respiratory Therapist RRT, both credentials offered by the National Board for Respiratory Care NBRC. The formerly entry level CRTT Certified Respiratory Therapy Technician credential is now recognized as the CRT designation for entry level therapists once the individual has taken the National Board's Certification Exam. All schools in the United States are two year Associate Degree programs or four year Baccalaureate Programs, essentially making all graduates Registry Eligible able to take the National Registry Exam. Respiratory Therapists in the United States are licensed individually by each state as a Respiratory Care Practitioner RCP. RCPs specialize in the assessment and treatment of respiratory and cardiovascular pathologies. These include chronic lung problems e.g., asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, COPD, and more acute multi-systemic problems stemming from other pathological conditions such as heart attacks, stroke, or trauma as well as complications at birth. RCPs are specialists in airway management, mechanical ventilation, and blood acid/base balance. RCPs work closely with other medical professionals such as physicians, nurses, speech therapists and physical therapists. Contents 1 Roles and Responsibilities 2 Certification, Education, and Training 3 History 4 Regulatory Bodies and Professional Societies in the United States 5 External links Roles and Responsibilities Respiratory Care Practitioners RCPs can be found in hospital intensive care units ICU, as well as pediatric and neonatal units NICU / PICU, emergency rooms ER, operating rooms OR, delivery rooms, and medical flight teams. They are cardiopulmonary specialists with vast training in both heart and lung function. Airway and ventilator management as well as clinical assessment including acid-base balance are the main clinical roles provided by a respiratory therapist. Their roles also include vascular access for intravenous lines IV, arterial line insertions for arterial blood gas ABG, and performing endotracheal intubation. They are an essential part of the Code Blue Cardiac Arrest team. Some RCPs are specially trained in helping in the operating room OR, high-risk deliveries, intra-aortic balloon pump management, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO, chest tube and central line insertion, pulmonary function testing PFT, and Clinical Exercise Stress Testing. Other roles include tracheostomy and bronchoscopy procedures. RCPs may also provide an important role in the homecare environment. The homecare RCP role is different from the hospital RCP role in that there are fewer technical resources available. A homecare RCP must rely more on clinical assessments and experience-related decision making when evaluating the patient's current condition. Because of the potential for professional isolation and with limited collaborative assistance available, homecare RCPs would benefit from hospital-based clinical experience before engaging in homecare work. Certification, Education, and Training All Respiratory Therapists are required to complete an Associate's Degree program supported by the Committee on Accration for Respiratory Care CoARC, or its predecessor the Joint Review Committee for Respiratory Therapy Education JRCRTE, or accred by the Commission on Accration of Allied Health Education Programs CAAHEP, or in Canada, by the Council o-n Accration for Respiratory Therapy Education CoARTE. There are four and five year Bachelor's degree programs as well as Master's degree programs offered by some schools. A Therapist holding a Bachelor's Degree can go on to earn a Master's degree in health related fields such as MPH, as well as Doctoral degrees such as a PhD, or EdD. After graduation, the therapist must then take a national exam and obtain proper licensure for their state or province . Canada In Canada, credentialing is governed by the Canadian Board for Respiratory Care CBRC, also known as Le Conseil Canadien Des Soins Respiratoires CCSR. Therapists obtain the Registered Respiratory Therapist RRT credential by successfully completing the written and clinical simulation parts of the Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapists CSRT Certification Examination. United States In the US, a two-tiered system exists that is administered by the National Board for Respiratory Care NBRC. First a certification exam can be taken, and if passed, the therapist is designated a Certified Respiratory Therapist CRT. After that, a written registry exam and a separate clinical simulation exam can be taken, and if passed, will earn the designation of Registered Respiratory Therapist RRT. Also, further examination for Neonatal/Pediatric Specialist may be taken allowing RT's to be designated as Neonatal-Pediatric Specialists CRT-NPS or RRT-NPS. CRT status with one year experience in Neonatal or Pediatric Respiratory Care following Certification, or RRT status, is required for eligibility to take the NPS exam.1 Other exams that RT's are eligible to take include Certified Pulmonary Function Technologist CPFT, and Registered Pulmonary Function Technologist RPFT. Some RTs go on to become sleep study technicians and obtain the credential of Registered Polysomnographic Sleep Technologist RPSGT which is governed by the Board of Registered Polysomnographic Technologists BRPT. History - Respiratory Therapy is a subset of anesthesia and has grown considerably through the past four decades. There was a time when Respiratory Therapists were on-the-job trained technicians, with little formal education. Their main function was to ensure safe oxygen use, to administer intermittent positive pressure breathing IPPB treatments, to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR, and to operate negative pressure iron lung ventilators. They were initially titled Inhalation Therapists. With the advent of positive pressure mechanical ventilators, the more widespread hospital provision of Neonatal and Pediatric care, more sophistocated pulmonary function testing PFT, a need for thoroughly trained clinical practitioners presented itself. Over the years respiratory technicians have evolved to being college and University trained personnel who assist the physician and teach registered nurses in assessing and treating patients. Invasive skills that RCP's must master include, but are not limited to; intubation, other advanced airway placement, arterial-line insertion, Cardiac Catheter advancement, intra-venous line insertion, Tracheostomy re-cannulation, naso-tracheal suction, and ABG's. These skills require a great deal of practice to master. Regulatory Bodies and Professional Societies in the United States - In the United States respiratory therapy is regulated by the individual states. All states except for Hawaii and Alaska require licensure by the individual state, including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. Others accept the accration granted by the National Board for Respiratory Care NBRC. The American Association for Repiratory Care AARC is the only professional organization in the United States specifically for Respiratory Care Practitioners. - Admission to a Respiratory Therapy program is quite competitive, and includes: - Courses in anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, pharmacology, chemistry, physics, microbiology, hemodynamics, mechanical ventilation, statistics, healthcare law, and medical ethics are required. Pass marks are usually set high. These studies relate to all body systems. Extra focus is spent on the respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological and renal systems. - Class sizes are usually small and offer classroom as well as extensive clinical hands-on experiences. Some schools offer online courses. Many applicants already hold science degrees. Traditionally there is a measurable attrition rate due to a student's failure to meet expected performance standards. Most of the schools do not allow multiple rewrites of failed exams. The material from the entire program must be mastered, applied and retained. There is no cook book practice. RCPs must think quickly under stressful situations and make the proper life-or-death decisions. Respiratory Therapist's function as a patient advocate, as well as a staff, physician and patient resource. RCPs function as a pivotal member of the health care team offering much needed guidance and patronage to the registered nurse. External links The external links in this article may not follow 's content policies or guidelines. Please improve this article by removing excessive or inappropriate external links. Respiratory Care sleep disorder American Association for Repiratory Care AARC National Board for Respiratory Care NBRC Canadian Respiratory Therapist Job Profile - analysis of job outlook and wage information for Canada. United States Occupational Outlook Handbook for Respiratory Therapists - Job outlook and wage information for The United States Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapists CSRT RT Magazine bimonthly professional publication RT Corner Educational Site for RT's and Nurses RESPIRATORY CARE: The Science Journal of the American Association for Respiratory Care AARC Respiratory Care Forum v d e Health science Allied health professions Athletic training Audiology Chiropractic Dentistry Dental hygiene Dietetics Electrocardiographic technicians Emergency medical services Hemodialysis technicians Massage therapy Medical assistants Medical physics Medical technologist Medical transcription Music therapy Nuclear medicine technology Nutrition Occupational therapy Optometry Pharmacy Phlebotomy Orthotics/Prosthetics Physical therapy Podiatry Psychology Radiation therapy Radiography Radiologic technologist Respiratory therapy Speech and language pathology Social work Ultrasonography Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Respiratory_therapy Categories: Medical treatments | Rehabilitation medicineHidden categories: Articles with statements since July 2008 | All articles with statements | Cleanup from July 2008 | All pages needing cleanup | Articles to be expanded since July 2008 | All articles to be expanded | Articles with limited geographic scope | external links cleanup Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Deutsch This page was last modified on 19 August 2008, at 23:29
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