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News About Agouti_related_peptide

16-September-2008 16:15:16 - Agouti-related peptide Agouti protein Identifiers Symbol Agouti Pfam PF05039 InterPro IPR007733 PROSITE PDOC60024 SCOP 1hyk OPM protein 1mr0 Available PDB structures: 1hykA:87-122 1mr0A:87-120 1y7jA:80-128 1y7kA:80-128 agouti related protein homolog mouse Identifiers Symbol AGRP Entrez 181 HUGO 330 OMIM 602311 RefSeq NM_007316 UniProt O00253 Other data Locus Chr. 16 q22 Agouti-related protein also called Agouti-related peptide AgRP is a neuropeptide produced in the brain in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus by the AgRP/NPY neuron that increases appetite and decreases metabolism and energy expenditure. It is one of the most potent and long-lasting of appetite stimulators. Understanding the role AgRP plays in weight gain may assist in developing pharmaceutical models for treating obesity. It was identified independently by two teams based on sequence similarity with Agouti signalling peptide, a protein synthetized in the skin that controls coat color.12 The appetite stimulating effects of AgRP are inhibited by the hormone leptin. Adipocytes secrete leptin in response to food intake. This hormone acts in the arcuate nucleus and inhibits the AgRP/NPY neuron from releasing orexigenic peptides.3 AGRP has been demonstrated to be an inverse agonist of melanocortin receptors, specifically, MC3-R and MC4-R. This inverse agonism not only antagonizes the action of melanocortin agonists, such as alpha-MSH but also further decreases the cAMP produced by the affected cells. AgRP levels have been found to be elevated in obese males.4 Contents 1 Human proteins containing this domain 2 See also 3 References 4 External links Human proteins containing this domain AGRP; ASIP See also Agouti References ^ Shutter, J. R.; Graham, M.; Kinsey, A. C.; Scully, S.; Luthy, R. and Stark K. L. Hypothalamic expression of ART, a novel gene related to agouti, is up- regulated in obese and diabetic mutant mice. Genes Dev 11 5:593-602, 1997. Entrez PubMed 9119224. ^ Ollmann, M. M.; Wilson, B. D.; Yang, Y.-K.; Kerns, J. A.; Chen, Y.; Gantz, I.; Barsh, G. S. : Antagonism of central melanocortin receptors in vitro and in vivo by agouti-related protein. Science 278: 135-138, 1997. Entrez PubMed 9311920 ^ Enriori PJ, Evans AE, Sinnayah P, Jobst EE, Tonelli-Lemos L, Billes SK, Glavas MM, Grayson BE, Perello M, Nillni EA, Grove KL, Cowley MA. Cell Metab. 2007 Mar 7;53:181-194. ^ Katsuki, A.; Sumida, Y.; Gabazza, E. C.; Murashima, S.; Tanaka, T.; Furuta, M.; Araki-Sasaki, R.; Hori, Y.; Nakatani, K.; Yano, Y.; Adachi, Y. : Plasma levels of agouti-related protein are increased in obese men. J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 86: 1921-1924, 2001. External links Agouti domain in PROSITE http://www.phoenixpeptide.com/allobesity/Catalog%20Files/AGRP%20Section/AGRPNEW.htm MeSH agouti-related+protein This neuroscience article is a stub. Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Agouti-related_peptide Categories: Genes on chromosome 16 | Neuroscience stubs | Peripheral membrane proteins | Neuropeptides | Obesity | PeptidesHidden category: Protein pages needing a picture Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Nederlands This page was last modified on 3 August 2008, at 03:44

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