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16-September-2008 16:15:16 - I Front and back of a Judean coin from the reign of Agrippa I. Front and back of a Judean coin from the reign of Agrippa I. Contents 1 Life 1.1 Rome 1.2 Caligula and Claudius 2 Reign and death 2.1 Account in Josephus 2.2 Account in the New Testament 2.3 Progeny 3 Agrippa in other media 4 Notes 5 References 6 External links For other with this name, see Agrippa disambiguation. Agrippa I also called the Great 10 BC - 44 AD, King of the Jews, was the grandson of Herod the Great, and son of Aristobulus IV and Berenice.1 His original name was Marcus Julius Agrippa, and he is the king named Herod in the Acts of the Apostles, in the Bible, Herod Agrippa ἩÏ?ώδης ἈγÏ?ίππας. He was, according to Josephus, known in his time as Agrippa the Great.2 Life Rome Josephus informs us that, after the murder of his father, young Agrippa was sent by Herod the Great to the imperial court in Rome. There, Tiberius conceived a great affection for him, and had him educated alongside his son Drusus, who also befriended him, and future emperor Claudius.1 On the death of Drusus, Agrippa, who had been recklessly extravagant and was deeply in debt, was obliged to leave Rome, fleeing to the fortress of Malatha in Idumaea. There, it was said, he contemplated suicide.3 After a brief seclusion, through the mediation of his wife Cypros and his sister Herodias, Agrippa was given a sum of money by his uncle, Herodias' husband, Herod Antipas, Tetrarch of Galilee and Perea, and was allowed to take up residence in Tiberias, and received the rank of aedile in that city, with a small yearly income. But hav-ing quarrelled with his brother-in-law, he fled to Flaccus, proconsul of Syria. Soon afterwards he was convicted, through the information of his brother Aristobulus, of having received a bribe from the Damascenes, who wished to purchase his influence with the proconsul, and was again com-pelled to flee. He was arrested as he was about to sail for Italy, for a sum of money which he owed to the treasury of Caesar, but made his escape, and reached Alexandria, where his wife succeeded in procuring a supply of money from Alexander the Alabarch. He then set sail, and landed at Puteoli. He was favorably received by Tiberius, who en-trusted him with the education of his grandson Tiberius. He also formed an intimacy with Caligula, then a popular favorite. Agrippa was one day overheard by his freedman Eutyches expressing a wish for Tiberius' death and the advancement of Caligula, and for this he was cast into prison.1 Caligula and Claudius Following Tiberius' death and the ascension of Agrippa's friend Caligula, Agrippa was set free and made governor first of the territories of Batanaea and Trachonitis that his cousin Herod Philip I had held, then of the tetrarchy of Lysanias, with the title of king. Caligula also presented him with a golden chain of a weight equal to the iron one he had worn in prison. In 39 AD, Agrippa returned to Rome, and brought about the banishment of his uncle, Herod Antipas, whose tetrarchy over Galilee and Peraea he then was granted.4 On the assassination of Caligula in 41, Agrippa's advice helped to secure Claudius' accession as emperor, while he made a show of being in the interest of the senate. As a reward for his assistance, Claudius gave Agrippa dominion over Judea and Samaria, while the kingdom of Chalcis in Lebanon was at his request given to his brother Herod III. Thus Agrippa became one of the most powerful princes of the east; the territory he possessed exceeded that which was held by his grandfather Herod the Great. In the city of Berytus he built a theatre and amphitheatre, baths, and porticoes. He expressed similar magnanimity in Sebaste, Heliopolis and Caesarea. The suspicions of Claudius prevented him from finishing the for-tifications with which he had begun to surround Jerusalem. His friendship was courted by many of the neighboring kings and rulers,1 some of whom he housed in Tiberias, which also caused Claudius some displeasure.4 Reign and death Account in Josephus He returned to Judea and governed it to the satisfaction of the Jews. His zeal, private and public, for Judaism is recorded by Josephus and the rabbis. Perhaps because of this, his passage through Alexandria around 40 instigated anti-Jewish riots.4 At the risk of his own life, or at least of his liberty, he interceded with Caligula on behalf of the Jews, when that emperor was attempting to set up his statue in the temple at Jerusalem shortly before his death in 41. After Passover in 44, Agrippa went to Caesarea, where he had games performed in honor of Claudius. In the midst of his elation Agrippa saw an owl perched over his head. During his imprisonment by Tiberius a similar omen had been interpreted as portending his speedy release, with the warning that should he behold the same sight again, he would die within five days. He was immediately smitten with violent pains, scolded his friends for lying to him and accepted his imminent death. He experienced heart pains and a pain in his abdomen, and died after five days.5 This account is a similar to the version in Acts 12, which adds he was eaten by worms.6 Account in the New Testament In Acts of the Apostles 12 of the New Testament, about the time of the Passover in 44, James, son of Zebedee, was seized by Agrippa's order and put to death by beheading. Agrippa proceeded also to lay hands on Peter, and imprisoned him, but God sent an angel, and the angel released Peter from prison. After that Passover, Agrippa went to Caesarea, where the inhabitants of Tyre and Sidon waited on him to sue for peace. Agrippa, gorgeously arrayed, received them in the stadium, and addressed them from a throne, while the audience cried out that his was the voice of a god, not a man in this identical to the account in Josephus. But the angel of the Lord smote him, and shortly afterwards he died, eaten of worms, in 44 AD. Progeny By his wife Cypros he had a son, Agrippa II, and three daughters, Berenice, who first married her uncle Herod III, king of Chalcis, and afterwards lived with her brother Agrippa, and subsequently married Polamo, king of Cilicia; she is alluded to by Juvenal;7 Mariamne, and Drusilla, who married Antonius Felix, the procurator of Judaea.891011 Agrippa in other media Herod Agrippa is the protagonist of the Italian opera, L'Agrippa tetrarca di Gerusalemme 1724 by Giuseppe Maria Buini mus. and Claudio Nicola Stampa libr., first performed at the Teatro Ducale of Milan, Italy, on August 28, 1724.12 Herod Agrippa is a major figure in Robert Graves' novel Claudius the God, as well as the BBC television adaptation I, Claudius, wherein he was portrayed by James Faulkner. He is depicted as one of Claudius' closest life-long friends. Notes ^ a b c d Mason, Charles Peter 1867, Agrippa, Herodes I, in Smith, William, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, 1, Boston: Little, Brown and Company, pp. 77-78 ^ Josephus, Antiquitates Judaicae xvii. 2. § 2 ^ Josephus, Antiquitates Judaicae xviii. 7. § 2 ^ a b c Rajak, Tessa 1996, Iulius Agrippa 1 I, Marcus, in Hornblower, Simon, Oxford Classical Dictionary, Oxford: Oxford University Press ^ Josephus, Antiquitates Judaicae xix. 345-350 ^ King Herod Agrippa. Retrieved on 2008-02-01. ^ Juvenal, Satires vi. 156 ^ Josephus, Antiquitates Judaicae xvii. 1. § 2, xviii. 5-8, xix. 4-8 ^ Josephus, The Wars of the Jews i. 28. § 1, ii. 9. 11 ^ Cassius Dio lx. 8 ^ Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History ii. 10 ^ G. Boccaccini, Portraits of Middle Judaism in Scholarship and Arts Turin: Zamorani, 1992. References This article incorporates text from the public domain Easton's Bible Dictionary, originally published in 1897. This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh ion, a publication now in the public domain. This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology by William Smith 1870. Yohanan Aharoni Michael Avi-Yonah, The MacMillan Bible Atlas, Revised ion, p. 156 1968 1977, by Carta Ltd.. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Agrippa I Jewish Encyclopedia: Agrippa I. Agrippa I, article in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith Sergey E. Rysev. Herod and Agrippa v d e New Testament People Gospels: Jesus Christ, views: Christian, Historical, New Testament Alphaeus Anna Annas Barabbas Bartimaeus blind man, Bethsaida Caiaphas Cleopas Devil Dismas Elizabeth Gabriel Gestas Jairus' Daughter Joachim Joanna John the Baptist Joseph Joseph of Arimathea Joses Lazarus Legion Longinus Luke Malchus Mark Martha Mary Magdalene Mary mother of James Mary mother of Jesus Mary of Bethany Mary of Clopas Widow's son of Nain Nathanael Nicodemus ben Gurion Salome Simeon Simon of Cyrene Simon the Leper Susanna Theophilus Zacchaeus Zechariah Groups: Angels Disciples Evangelists Godfearers Herodians Magi Myrrhbearers Pharisees Proselytes Sadducees Samaritans Sanhedrin 70 Disciples Scribes Zealots Apostles Andrew Bartholomew James of Alphaeus James of Zebedee John Beloved, Evangelist, Patmos Judas Iscariot Jude Thaddeus Matthew Matthias Paul Peter Philip Simon the Zealot, Judas Thomas Acts: Peter Paul Agabus Ananias Judaea Ananias Damascus Apollos Aquila Aristarchus Bar-jesus Barnabas Cornelius Demetrius Dionysius Dorcas Eutychus Gamaliel James the Just Jason Joseph Barsabas, Judas of Galilee Lucius Luke Lydia Manahen John Mark Mary mother of J. Mark Nicholas Paul Philip Priscilla Publius Sapphira Sceva Seven Deacons Silas/Silvanus Simeon of Jerusalem Simon the Sorcerer Sopater Stephen Theudas Timothy Titus Trophimus Tychicus Roman Officials Gospels: Aretas IV Cornelius Herod Antipas Herod Archelaus Herod Philip II Herod the Great Longinus Lysanias Pontius Pilate Pilate's Wife Quirinius Salome Tiberius Acts: Agrippa I Agrippa II Felix Claudius Lysias Junius A. Gallio Festus Sergius Paulus Epistles Achaichus Alexander Archippus Crescens Diotrephes Epaphroditus Erastus Hymenaeus Jesus Justus Junia Mary Angel Michael Nymphas Philemon Philetus Phoebe Syntyche Revelation: Antipas Four Horsemen Apollyon Two Witnesses Woman Beast Three Angels Whore of Babylon Full List Jesus: Ministry, Miracles, Parables, Timeline, Titles Paul New Testament NT Canon Gospels Synoptic Epistles Pauline, General Apostolic Age Early Christianity Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Agrippa_I Categories: New Testament people | Herodian dynasty | Roman era Jews | 10 BC births | 44 deaths Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Català Dansk Deutsch Español Français Italiano עברית Nederlands ‪Norsk bokmÃ¥l‬ Polski Português Română РуÑ?Ñ?кий Suomi Svenska This page was last modified on 20 July 2008, at 13:35
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