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16-September-2008 16:15:12 - Voyeurism July 2007 Voyeur redirects here. For other uses, see Voyeur disambiguation. Voyeurism Classification and external resources ICD-10 F65.3 ICD-9 302.82 Voyeurism is the sexual interest in spying on people engaged in intimate behaviors, such as undressing, sexual activity, or urinating.12 It is classified as a paraphilia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association. The diagnosis would not be given to people who experience typical sexual arousal simply by seeing nudity or sexual activity; the aspect of spying is central to paraphilic voyeurism. The word derives from French verb voir to see with the -eur suffix that translates as -er in English. A literal translation would then be seer or observer, with pejorative connotations. Also, the word voyeur can define someone who receives enjoyment from witnessing other people's suffering or misfortune; see schadenfreude. Mercury and Herse Mercury and Herse Two actors, a young woman watches secretly while two male actors make love. Silk painting; Qing Dynasty, China. Two actors, a young woman watches secretly while two male actors make love. Silk painting; Qing Dynasty, China. Contents 1 DSM IV Classification 2 Criminalization 3 Voyeurism in fiction 4 References 5 External links 6 Laws 7 See also DSM IV Classification According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV, certain voyeuristic fantasies, urges and behavior patterns are classified as a paraphilia with code 302.82.3 Criminalization In some cultures, voyeurism is considered to be deviant and even a sex crime. In the United Kingdom, non-consensual voyeurism became a criminal offense on May 1, 2004, under section 67 of the Sexual Offences Act 2003. However, some societies tolerate it depending upon the circumstances e.g., adolescent Peeping Toms and the UK dogging craze. The stereotypical voyeur is male, although many women also enjoy being voyeurs. In R v Turner 2006 All ER D 95 Jan the defendant was the manager of a sports centre who recorded footage of four women taking showers. There was no indication that the footage had been shown to anyone else or distributed in any way. The defendant pleaded guilty at the first opportunity and asked that another offense be taken into consideration. He expressed remorse. The Court of Appeal confirmed a sentence of nine months imprisonment to reflect the seriousness of the defendant's abuse of trust and the traumatic effect on the victims. Fragonard's The Swing depicts a voyeur hidden in the bushes. As the lady goes high on the swing, he tries to take a furtive peep at her exposed genitals Fragonard's The Swing depicts a voyeur hidden in the bushes. As the lady goes high on the swing, he tries to take a furtive peep at her exposed genitals In Canada, voyeurism was not a crime when the case Frey v. Fedoruk et al. arose in 1947. In that case, in 1950, the Supreme Court of Canada decided courts could not criminalize peeping by classifying it as a breach of the peace; Parliament would have to specifically outlaw it. On November 1, 2005, this was done when section 162 was added to the Canadian Criminal Code, declaring voyeurism as a sexual offense. 4 Some individuals who engage in nuisance offenses such as peeping may also have a propensity for violence.5 Voyeurs may demonstrate some characteristics that are common, but not universal, among sexual offenders of all types including sadistic or violent offenders who invest considerable time and effort in the capturing of a victim or image of a victim; careful, methodical planning devoted to the selection and preparation of equipment; and often meticulous attention to detail.6 In the United States, video voyeurism is criminalized in nine states. The original case responsible for the criminalization has been made into a television movie called Video Voyeur and documents the criminalization of secret photography. Criminal voyeurism statutes are related to invasion of privacy laws7 but are specific to unlawful surreptitious surveillance without consent and unlawful recordings including the broadcast, dissemination, publication, or selling of recordings involving places and times when a person has a reasonable expectation of privacy and a reasonable supposition that he or she is not being photographed or filmed by any mechanical, digital or electronic viewing device, camera or any other instrument capable of recording, storing or transmitting visual images that can be utilized to observe a person.8 Some institutions, such as gyms and schools, have banned camera phones because of the privacy issues they raise in areas like changerooms. Saudi Arabia banned the sale of camera phones nationwide for a period, but reallowed their sale in 2004. South Korea requires that all camera phones sold in the country make a clearly audible sound whenever a picture is taken. Voyeurism in fiction Voyeurism is a common plot device in both serious e.g. Rear Window, Klute and more recently Disturbia and humorous e.g. Porky's, Animal House and more recently Semi-Pro films. A serious psychological treatment of the topic in cinema was done in Peeping Tom. The anime Colorful is devoted almost entirely to the paraphilia. Alone With Her is a recent Indie film shot completely from a high tech, spycam point-of-view. The movie Video Voyeur: The Susan Wilson Story is based on a true story about the woman who was secretly videotaped and consequently, helped get the law against voyeurism passed. Cult movie double feature The Rocky Horror Picture Show/Shock Treatment deals with the theme of voyeurism sexually and in mass media In I'm On Setanta Sports, José continuously refers to Arséne Wenger as a 'Voyeur'. In Popular Anime Manga/Ova Eiken The main character Mifune is labeled as a Voyeur, by everyone because he accidentally looks at Shinonome when she was nude, and again when her panties dropped down. Ellen Page's character accuses her victim of being a voyeur in the movie Hard Candy. In the E.L. Doctorow novel Billy Bathgate, Billy is a voyeur who masturbates as he secretly watches a woman. The 1993 film Sliver deals with voyeurism. In the film Saw 4 the villian Jigsaw depicts Ivan as a voyeur when he recorded himself on a tape recorder saying Hello Ivan, as a voyeur you have kept pictures of those you have victamised The song Voyeur on Blink 182's album Dude Ranch is about a voyeur. References ^ Hirschfeld, M. 1938. Sexual anomalies and perversions: Physical and psychological development, diagnosis and treatment new and revised ion. London: Encyclopaedic Press. ^ Smith, R. S. 1976. Voyeurism: A review of the literature. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 5, 585-608. ^ BehaveNet® Clinical Capsuletm: Voyeurism ^ Criminal Code ^ R.R. Hazelwood and J. Warren, The Serial Rapist: His Characteristics and Victims, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, February 1989, 18-25 ^ The Criminal Sexual Sadist 1 ^ Invasion of Privacy Law Legal Definition 2 ^ Stephanie's Law 3 External links Paraphilias, including voyeurism: symptoms, description and treatment Voyeurism Video Laws UK law on voyeurism Proposed US Video Voyeurism Prevention Act of 2003 Video Voyeurism Laws v d e Paraphilias Abasiophilia · Agalmatophilia · Andromimetophilia · Autogynephilia · Biastophilia · Bondage BDSM · Chronophilia · Coprophilia · Dacryphilia · Dendrophilia · Dippoldism · Emetophilia · Ephebophilia · Erotic asphyxiation · Erotic lactation · Exhibitionism · Food play · Frotteurism · Homeovestism · Human animal roleplay · Hybristophilia · Katoptronophilia · Klismaphilia · Macrophilia · Mysophilia · Necrophilia · Objectophilia · Odaxelagnia · Olfactophilia · Osmolagnia · Paraphilic infantilism · Pedophilia · Pyrophilia · Sadism and masochism · Salirophilia · Sexual fetishism · Somnophilia · Sthenolagnia · Teratophilia · Tightlacing · Transvestic Fetishism · Trichophilia · Troilism · Urolagnia · Vorarephilia · Voyeurism · Zoophilia Japanese terms Bukkake · Hadaka · Lolicon · Nyotaimori · Omorashi · Shotacon · Tamakeri · Wakamezake · See also Human sexual behaviour · Sexology v d e WHO ICD-10 mental and behavioral disorders F · 290-319 Neurological/symptomatic Dementia Alzheimer's disease, multi-infarct dementia, Pick's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, AIDS dementia complex, Frontotemporal dementia · Delirium · Post-concussion syndrome · Organic brain syndrome Psychoactive substance alcohol drunkenness, alcohol dependence, alcoholic hallucinosis, Alcohol withdrawal, delirium tremens, Korsakoff's syndrome, alcohol abuse · opioids opioid dependency · sedative/hypnotic benzodiazepine withdrawal · cocaine cocaine dependence · general Intoxication, Drug abuse, Physical dependence, Withdrawal Psychotic disorder Schizophrenia disorganized schizophrenia · Schizophreniform disorder · Schizotypal personality disorder · Delusional disorder · Folie à deux · Schizoaffective disorder Mood affective Mania · Bipolar disorder · Clinical depression · Cyclothymia · Dysthymia Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform Anxiety disorder Agoraphobia, Panic disorder, Panic attack, Generalized anxiety disorder, Social anxiety, Social phobia · OCD · Acute stress reaction · PTSD · Adjustment disorder · Conversion disorder Ganser syndrome · Somatoform disorder Somatization disorder, Body dysmorphic disorder, Hypochondriasis, Nosophobia, Da Costa's syndrome, Psychalgia · Neurasthenia Physiological/physical behavioral Eating disorder: Anorexia nervosa · Bulimia nervosa Sleep disorder: Dyssomnia Hypersomnia, Insomnia · Parasomnia REM behavior disorder, Night terror · Nightmare Sexual dysfunction: Erectile dysfunction · Premature ejaculation · Vaginismus · Dyspareunia · Hypersexuality · Female sexual arousal disorder Postpartum depression · Postnatal psychosis Adult personality and behavior Personality disorder · Passive-aggressive behavior · Kleptomania · Trichotillomania · Voyeurism · Factitious disorder · Munchausen syndrome · Ego-dystonic sexual orientation · Fetishism Mental retardation Mental retardation Psychological development developmental disorder Specific: speech and language expressive language disorder, aphasia, expressive aphasia, receptive aphasia, Landau-Kleffner syndrome, lisp · Scholastic skills dyslexia, dysgraphia, Gerstmann syndrome · Motor function developmental dyspraxia Pervasive: Autism · Rett syndrome · Asperger syndrome Behavioral and emotional, childhood and adolescence onset ADHD · Conduct disorder · Oppositional defiant disorder · Separation anxiety disorder · Selective mutism · Reactive attachment disorder · Tic disorder · Tourette syndrome · Speech stuttering · cluttering See also Invasion of Privacy Clothed male, naked female Clothed female, naked male v d e Nudity related topics General topics Nudity Human physical appearance Clothing Undergarment Dress code Clothing laws by country Social nudity Naturism Issues in social nudity Nudist community List of social nudity organizations Naturist magazines Nudity and children Criticism of social nudity Timeline of non-sexual social nudity Public nudity Nudity and protest Topfreedom barechested/toplessness Christian naturism Gay naturism Nude recreation List of social nudity places Nude beach Clothing-optional bike ride Naked hiking Nudity in sport Skinny dipping Streaking Hot springs Sun tanning Naked yoga Barefoot Massage Hot tub Bathing Public bathing Shower Sauna Naked party Strip games In art Depictions of nudity Model art Figure drawing Figure painting Body painting Sex in advertising Nudity in film Nudity in American television Nudity in science fiction Nudity in music videos Nudity in combat Body image Gymnophobia Modesty Physical attractiveness Vanity Objectification Sexualized concepts Nudity and sexuality Exhibitionism Indecent exposure Mooning Voyeurism Erotic art Sex-positive Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Voyeurism Categories: Paraphilias | French words and phrases | Rude behaviorHidden category: Articles needing additional references from July 2007 Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Bosanski БългарÑ?ки Català Česky Dansk Deutsch Español Français Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Ã?slenska Italiano עברית Lietuvių Nederlands ქáƒ?რთული Polski Português РуÑ?Ñ?кий SlovenÄ?ina СрпÑ?ки / Srpski Suomi Svenska Tiếng Việt This page was last modified on 4 August 2008, at 07:17
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