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22-AUGUST-2008 06:13:22 - monophosphate Redirected from Adenylic acid Adenosine monophosphate IUPAC name 5'-Adenylic acid Identifiers CAS number 61-19-8 MeSH Adenosine+monophosphate SMILES OC@H1C@HC@@H OC@@H1COPOO=O N2C3=CN=C2CN=NC=N3O Properties Molecular formula C10H14N5O7P Molar mass 347.22 g/mol Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 °C, 100 kPa Infobox references Adenosine monophosphate AMP, also known as 5'-adenylic acid or vitamin B8, is a nucleotide that is found in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside adenosine. AMP consists of the phosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. Vitamin B8 can be acquired in medical products, or yeast.1 Vitamin B8 is the nucleic acid adenylic acid, also known as ergadenylic acid. Its deficiency will decrease RNA synthesis, as well as ADP and ATP synthesis; such deficiency will inhibit the breakdown of food into energy and deteriorate hormone functions.1 This substance was not widely recognized as a required vitamin. The term vitamin B8 was later reused by some researchers to denote inositol.1 Contents 1 Production and degradation 2 cAMP 3 Application as a bitterness suppressor 4 See also 5 References 6 External links Production and degradation AMP can be produced during ATP synthesis by the enzyme adenylate kinase by combining two ADP molecules: 2 ADP → ATP + AMP Or AMP may be produced by the hydrolysis of one high energy phosphate bond of ADP: ADP → AMP + Pi AMP can also be formed by hydrolysis of ATP into AMP and pyrophosphate: ATP → AMP + PPi When RNA is broken down by living systems, nucleoside monophosphates, including adenosine monophosphate, are formed. AMP can be regenerated to ATP as follows: AMP + ATP → 2 ADP adenylate kinase in the opposite direction ADP + Pi → ATP this step is most often performed in aerobes by the ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation AMP can be converted into IMP by the enzyme myoadenylate deaminase, freeing an ammonia group. In a catabolic pathway, adenosine monophosphate can be converted to uric acid, which is excreted from the body. cAMP AMP can also exist as a cyclic structure known as cyclic AMP or cAMP. Within certain cells the enzyme adenylate cyclase makes cAMP from ATP, and typically this reaction is regulated by hormones such as adrenaline or glucagon. cAMP plays an important role in intracellular signaling. Application as a bitterness suppressor To human tastes, the bitterness-suppressing quality of AMP interprets as food seeming 'sweeter'. This makes lower-calorie food products more palatable, making AMP potentially a lucrative solution for food manufacturers as they respond to pressure from consumers and regulators concerned about social trends towards obesity.2 AMP has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a 'Bitter Blocker' additive to foodstuffs.3 See also DNA Oligonucleotide References ^ a b c Vitamin B-8 short description, Wellness Advocate, 2008, webpage: WellAdv-B8. ^ Nucleotide compounds that block the bitter taste of oral compositions patent by Linguagen Corp ^ Bitter Blocker Backed External links Computational Chemistry Wiki Blocking taste receptor activation of gustducin inhibits gustatory responses to bitter compounds v d e Nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides Nucleobases Purine Adenine, Guanine | Pyrimidine Uracil, Thymine, Cytosine Nucleosides/ NB+pentose Ribonucleosides Adenosine | Guanosine | Uridine | Cytidine Deoxyribonucleosides Deoxyadenosine | Deoxyguanosine | Thymidine | Deoxyuridine | Deoxycytidine Nucleotides/ NS+phosphate Ribonucleotide monophosphates AMP, GMP, UMP, CMP | diphosphates ADP, GDP, UDP, CDP | triphosphates ATP, GTP, UTP, CTP Deoxyribonucleotides monophosphates dAMP, dGMP, dUMP, TMP, dCMP | diphosphates dADP, dGDP, TDP, dCDP | triphosphates dATP, dGTP, TTP, dCTP Cyclic cAMP, cGMP, c-di-GMP, cADPR Major families of biochemicals Saccharides | Carbohydrates | Glycosides | | Amino acids | Peptides | Proteins | Glycoproteins | | Lipids | Terpenes | Steroids | Carotenoids Alkaloids | Nucleobases | Nucleic acids | | Enzyme cofactors | Flavonoids | Polyketides | Tetrapyrroles Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Adenosine_monophosphate Categories: Nucleotides Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Català Dansk Deutsch Eesti Español Italiano 日本語 Occitan Polski Português Svenska Türkçe УкраїнÑ?ька This page was last modified on 17 August 2008, at 10:19
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