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20-September-2008 09:29:04 - carotene Beta-carotene IUPAC name 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E, 13E,15E,17E-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-18-2, 6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl-octadeca- 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenylcyclohexene Identifiers CAS number 7235-40-7 PubChem 5280489 SMILES CC1=CCCCC1CCC=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC=C CC=CC=CCC=CC2=CCCCC2CCCCC Properties Molecular formula C40H56 Molar mass 536.873 Appearance red-purple Density 0.941 ± 0.06 g/cm3 Melting point 180-182 Solubility in water insol in water, sol. in CHCl3 Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 °C, 100 kPa Infobox references Beta-carotene is an organic compound and a terpenoid. As a carotene with β-rings at both ends, it is the most common form of carotene. It is a precursor inactive form of Vitamin A.1 Being highly conjugated, it is deeply colored, and as a hydrocarbon lacking functional groups, it is very lipophilic. The structure was deduced by Karrer et al.2 In nature, β-carotene is a precursor to vitamin A via the action of β-carotene dioxygenase. β-carotene is also the substance in carrots that colours them orange. β-Carotenoid is biosynthesized from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate.1 References ^ a b Susan D. Van Arnum 1998. Vitamin A in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 45: 99-107. New York: John Wiley. doi:10.1002/0471238961.2209200101181421.a01. ^ P. Karrer, A. Helfenstein, H. Wehrli, A. Wettstein 1930. Pflanzenfarbstoffe XXV. Über die Konstitution des Lycopins und Carotins. Helvetica Chimica Acta 13: 1084-1099. doi:10.1002/hlca.19300130532. External links A11CA02 v d e Carotenoids Carotenes: Carotene Alpha-carotene · Beta-carotene · Lycopene · Phytoene Phytofluene · Neurosporene Retinoids: Acitretin · Alitretinoin · Apocarotenal · Bexarotene · Etretinate · Fenretinide · Isotretinoin · Retinaldehyde · Tazarotene · Vitamin A Retinol, Tretinoin Xanthophylls: Antheraxanthin · Astaxanthin · Canthaxanthin · Citranaxanthin · Cryptoxanthin · Diadinoxanthin · Diatoxanthin · Dinoxanthin · Flavoxanthin · Fucoxanthin · Lutein · Neoxanthin · Rhodoxanthin · Rubixanthin · Violaxanthin · Zeaxanthin Other: Crocin · Crocetin · Peridinin · Food orange 7 v d e Vitamins A11 Fat soluble A: Retinol - Beta-carotene - Tretinoin - Alpha-carotene D3: 7-Dehydrocholesterol → Previtamin D3 → Cholecalciferol D3 → Calcidiol → Calcitriol active form → Calcitroic acid D2: Ergosterol → Ergocalciferol D2 D analogues: Dihydrotachysterol - Calcipotriol - Tacalcitol E: Tocopherol - Tocotrienol K: Naphthoquinone - Phylloquinone/K1 - Menatetrenone/K2 Water soluble: B vitamins B1 Thiamine - B2 Riboflavin - B3 Niacin, Nicotinamide - B5 Pantothenic acid, Dexpanthenol, Pantethine - B6 Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal phosphate, Pyridoxamine - B7 Biotin - B9 Folic acid, Folinic acid - B12 Cyanocobalamin, Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin, Cobamamide Water soluble: other C Ascorbic acid - Choline see also enzyme cofactors This biochemistry article is a stub. Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Beta-carotene Categories: Biochemistry stubs Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Magyar Suomi Svenska ไทย This page was last modified on 2 August 2008, at 14:26
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