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20-September-2008 09:29:08 - Drupe It has been suggested that Corking stone fruit be merged into this article or section. Discuss The development sequence of a typical drupe, the nectarine Prunus persica over a 7½ month period, from bud formation in early winter to fruit ripening in midsummer see image page for further information The development sequence of a typical drupe, the nectarine Prunus persica over a 7½ month period, from bud formation in early winter to fruit ripening in midsummer see image page for further information Diagram of a typical drupe peach, showing both fruit and seed Diagram of a typical drupe peach, showing both fruit and seed In botany, a drupe is a fruit in which an outer fleshy part exocarp, or skin; and mesocarp, or flesh surrounds a shell the pit or stone of hardened endocarp with a seed inside. These fruits develop from a single carpel, and mostly from flowers with superior ovaries. The definitive characteristic of a drupe is that the hard, lignified stone or pit is derived from the ovary wall of the flower. Other fleshy fruits may have a stony enclosure that comes from the seed coat surrounding the seed. These fruits are not drupes. Some flowering plants that produce drupes are coffee, jujube, mango, olive, most palms including date, coconut and oil palms, pistachio and all members of the genus Prunus, including the almond in which the mesocarp is somewhat leathery, apricot, cherry, nectarine, peach, and plum. Drupes, with their sweet, fleshy outer layer, attract the attention of animals as a food, and the plant population benefits from the resulting dispersal of its seeds. The endocarp pit or stone is often swallowed, passing through the digestive tract, and returned to the soil in feces with the seed inside unharmed; sometimes it is dropped after the fleshy part is eaten. The term stone fruit also stonefruit1 can be a synonym for drupe or, more typically, it can mean just the fruit of the Prunus genus. Look up freestone in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Freestone refers to a drupe having a free stone, meaning the stone is relatively free of the flesh, and can be removed from it with ease. Thus, freestone varieties of fruits are preferred for uses that require careful removal of the stone, especially if removal will be done by hand. Freestone plums are preferred for making homegrown prunes, and freestone sour cherries are preferred for making pies and cherry soup. Look up clingstone in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Clingstone refers to a drupe having a clinging stone, meaning the stone is well attached to the flesh, and cannot easily be removed from it. Clingstone varieties of fruits in the genus Prunus are preferred as table fruit and for jams, because the flesh of clingstone fruits tends to be more tender and juicy throughout. Many stone fruits contain sorbitol, which can exacerbate conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome and fructose malabsorption.citation needed The coconut is also a drupe, but the mesocarp is fibrous or dry in this case, called a husk, so this type of fruit is classified as a simple dry fruit, fibrous drupe. Unlike other drupes, the coconut seed is unlikely to be dispersed by being swallowed by fauna, due to its large size. It can, however, float extremely long distances across oceans. In an aggregate fruit composed of small, individual drupes, each individual is termed a drupelet. Bramble fruits such as the blackberry or the raspberry are aggregates of drupelets. The fruit of blackberries and raspberries comes from a single flower whose pistil is made up of a number of free carpels. However, mulberries, which closely resemble blackberries, are not aggregate fruit, but are multiple fruits, actually derived from bunches of catkins, each drupelet thus belonging to a different flower. Media Assorted drupes The peach is a typical drupe stone fruit The stone of a nectarine Black butte blackberry, a bramble fruit of aggregated drupelets v d e Types of fruits Berries · False berries · Hesperidia · Drupes · Pomes · Compound fruits · Multiple fruits · Accessory fruit Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Drupe Categories: Fruit | Plant morphology | Edible nuts and seedsHidden categories: Articles to be merged since August 2007 | All articles with statements | Articles with statements since August 2008 Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages Bân-lâm-gú Català Česky Deutsch Español Esperanto Français 한êµì–´ Ido Italiano עברית Lietuvių Lojban Nederlands 日本語 Polski Português РуÑ?Ñ?кий Suomi Svenska Tiếng Việt УкраїнÑ?ька 䏿–‡ This page was last modified on 10 August 2008, at 02:29
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