Sierra Acai Company
Sierra Acai Company
Open 7 Days a Week
MonaVie Independent Distributor
Distributor Training
Shop Online
Enroll Now
Buy Wholesale and maintain an Active status for 2 months and we will refund your $39 Distributor Fee
Friends
Buy Wholesale and maintain an Active status for 2 months and we will refund your $39 Distributor Fee
20-September-2008 09:29:09 - Multicopy single-stranded DNA An example of an RNA stem-loop, similar to what is seen in the RNA region of msDNA An example of an RNA stem-loop, similar to what is seen in the RNA region of msDNA Multicopy single-stranded DNA msDNA is a type of extrachromosomal satellite DNA which consists of a single-stranded DNA molecule linked via a phosphodiester bond to a branched RNA molecule. The resultant structure possesses two stem-loop structures, and functions as both a primer and a template for the creation of more msDNA. It is known to encode a type of reverse transcriptase1. Its function remains unknown even though many copies are present within cells2. Before the discovery of msDNA in Myxococcus xanthus, a species of soil-dwelling bacteria, it was thought that the enzymes known as reverse transcriptases RT existed only in eukaryotes and viruses. The discovery led to an increase in research of the area, subsequently msDNA was found to exist within certain strains of the bacterium Escherichia coli. Further research discovered similarities between the open reading frames of HIV-encoded reverse transcriptase and msDNA, and was later tested for reverse transcriptase activity and RNase H activity. It was found that both the RNase H domain and the enzyme reverse transcriptase were required in order for msDNA to replicate3. The discovery of msDNA has led to questions regarding where reverse transcriptase originated, as genes encoding for it have been found in prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and even viruses. After a DNA fragment coding for the production of msDNA in E. coli was discovered4, it was suggested that bacteriophages may have been responsible for the introduction of the RT gene into E. coli5. These discoveries suggest that reverse transcriptase played a role in the evolution of viruses from bacteria, with one hypothesis stating that with the help of reverse transcriptase, viruses may have arisen as a breakaway msDNA gene which acquired a protein coat. References Reverse Transcriptase in E.coli: msDNA - Mellon College of Science Footnotes ^ Inouye, et al. Two independent retrons with highly diverse reverse transcriptases in Myxococcus xanthus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 873, pg 942-945 1990 ^ Lampson, et al. Retrons, msDNA, and the bacterial genome. Cytogenet Genome Res., 1101-4, pg 491-9 2005 ^ Lampson, et al. Reverse Transcriptase in a Clinical Strain of Escherichia coli: Production of a Branched RNA-linked msDNA. Science, 243, pg 1037-1038 1989 ^ Hyu, et al. Retron for the 67-base multicopy single-stranded DNA from Escherichia coli: a potential transposable element encoding both reverse transcriptase and Dam methylase functions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 8723, pg 9454-9458 1990 ^ Inouye, et al. Bacterial Reverse Transcriptases REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE. Cold Spring Harbor Press. Plainview, NY. 1993 Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Multicopy_single-stranded_DNA Categories: Molecular biology | DNA | RNA Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page This page was last modified on 25 March 2008, at 18:1
39 Reasons to Drink Acai Juice Every Day
What is MonaVie - Watch the 8-minute video
Discovering MonaVie video
The Power of You video
Log into your Wholesale MonaVie Account
So many of us do not eat a balanced diet, get enough sleep, have too much stress, or are impacted with toxins and pollutants. Drinking 2 ounces of MonaVie twice a day will help your body detoxify as well as build your immune system. Its the smartest thing you can do for yourself, so start today. Buying MonaVie through our company guarantees you support 7 days a week and, if you would like to share MonaVie with your family and friends we will guide you from start to finish.
1. Click on Enroll Now (30 - 55% off retail price)
2. Pay $39 for your Wholesale ID number.
3. NO minimum order required.
4. MonaVie is delivered to your door in 3 to 5 days.