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20-September-2008 09:29:06 - Ningxia Ningxia Hui Autonomous region Chinese : å®?å¤?回æ—?自治区 NÃngxià HuÃzú ZìzhìqÅ« Abbreviations: å®? pinyin: NÃng Name is highlighted on this map Origin of name å®? nÃng-tranquil å¤? xià -Western Xia Tranquil Xia Administration type Autonomous region Capital and largest city Yinchuan Official languages Mandarin Designated Minority Hui CPC Ctte Secretary Chen Jianguo Chairman Wang Zhengwei Area 66,000 km² 25,000 sq mi 27th Population 2004 - Density 5,880,000 29th 89.1 /km² 231 /sq mi 25th GDP 2007 - per capita CNY 83.4 billion 29th CNY 13,743 21st HDI 2005 0.712 medium 26th Nationalities percentage Han: 62% Hui: 34% Manchu: 0.4% Prefecture-level 5 divisions County-level 21 divisions Township-level†219 divisions ISO 3166-2 CN-64 Official website http://www.nx.gov.cn/ Source for population and GDP data: 《ä¸å›½ç»Ÿè®¡å¹´é‰´-2005》 China Statistical Yearbook 2005 ISBN 7503747382 Source for nationalities data: 《2000年人å?£æ™®æŸ¥ä¸å›½æ°‘æ—?人å?£èµ„料》 Tabulation on nationalities of 2000 population census of China ISBN 7105054255 †As at December 31, 2004 Template â– Discussion â– China Ningxia simplified Chinese: å®?å¤?; traditional Chinese: 寧å¤?; pinyin: NÃngxià ; Wade-Giles: Ning-hsia; Postal map spelling: Ningsia, full name Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region simplified Chinese: å®?å¤?回æ—?自治区; traditional Chinese: 寧å¤?回æ—?自治å?€; pinyin: NÃngxià HuÃzú ZìzhìqÅ«, is a Hui autonomous region of the People's Republic of China, located on the northwest Loess highland, the Yellow River flows through a vast area of its land. The capital of the region is Yinchuan. Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Climate 4 Administrative divisions 5 Demographics 6 Politics 7 Economy 8 Universities 9 Tourism 10 Gallery 11 See also 12 Notes 13 External links History Ningxia and its surrounding areas were incorporated into the Qin Dynasty as early as the third century BC. Throughout the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty there were further settlements, and by the eleventh century the Tangut tribe had established the Western Xia Dynasty on the outskirts of the then Song Dynasty. It then came under Mongol domination after Genghis Khan conquered Yinchuan in the early thirteenth century. After the Mongols departed and its influences faded, Turkic-speaking Muslims slowly began moving into Ningxia from the west. This created tensions between the Han and the Hui ethnic groups in the following centuries, which culminated in the Muslim Rebellion, during which Qing authorities decimated Chinese Muslim populations by killing upwards of twelve million Muslims throughout China. In 1914, Ningxia was merged with the province of Gansu; in 1928, however, it was detached and became a province. Between 1914 and 1928, the Xibei San Ma brothers literally three Mas of the northwest ruled the provinces of Qinghai, Ningxia and Gansu. In 1958, Ningxia formally became an autonomous region of China. In 1969, Ningxia's border was extended to the north and acquired parts of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, but was reverted again in 1979. Geography Ningxia borders the provinces of Shaanxi and Gansu, and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Rivers that flow through Ningxia include the Yellow River. Ningxia is a relatively dry, desert-like region. There is significant irrigation in order to support the growing of wolfberries a commonly consumed fruit throughout the region. Ningxia's deserts include the Tengger desert in Shapotou. On 16 December 1920 the Haiyuan earthquake, 8.6 magnitude, at 36°36'N 105°19'E / 36.6, 105.32, initiated a series of landslides that killed an estimated 200,000 people. Over 600 large loess landslides created more than 40 new lakes.12 In 2006, satellite images indicated that a 700 by 200-meter fenced area within Ningxia-5 km southwest of Yinchuan, near the remote village of Huangyangtan-is a near-exact scaled-down reproduction of a 450 by 350-kilometer area of Aksai Chin bordering India, complete with mountains, valleys, lakes and hills. Its purpose is as yet unknown.34 Islam in China History of Islam in China History Tang Dynasty Song Dynasty Yuan Dynasty Ming Dynasty Qing Dynasty 1911-Present Architecture Chinese mosques Niujie Mosque Major figures Lan Yu Hui Liangyu Ma Bufang Yusuf Ma Dexin Zheng He Liu Zhi Haji Noor People Groups Hui Salar Uygur Kazakhs Kyrgyz Tatars Bonan Uzbeks Tibetans Dongxiang Tajiks Utsul Islamic Cities/Regions Linxia Xinjiang Ningxia Kashgar Culture Islamic Association of China Cuisine Calligraphy Martial arts This box: view talk Climate The region is 1,200 km from the sea and has a continental climate with average summer temperatures rising to between 17 and 24°C in July and average winter temperatures dropping to between -7 and -10°C in January. Seasonal extreme temperatures can reach 39°C in summer and -30°C in winter. The diurnal temperature variation in summer is 17°C. Annual rainfall averages from 190 to 700 millimeters, with more rain falling in the south of the region. Administrative divisions Main article: List of administrative divisions of Ningxia Ningxia is divided into five prefecture-level cities: Guyuan 固原 | Gùyuán Shì Shizuishan 石嘴山 | ShÃzuishan Shì Wuzhong å?´å¿ | Wúzhong Shì Yinchuan 银å·? | YÃnchuÄ?n Shì capital city Zhongwei ä¸å?« | ZhÅ?ngwèi Shì Demographics Ningxia is the home of the Hui, one of the officially recognized Nationalities of China. Politics Main article: Politics of Ningxia The politics of Ningxia is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China. The Chairman of the Autonomous Region is the highest ranking official in the People's Government of Ningxia. However, in the Autonomous Region's dual party-government governing system, the Chairman has less power than the Communist Party of China Ningxia Committee Secretary, colloquially termed the Ningxia CPC Party Chief. Economy Ningxia is the province with the third smallest GDP Tibet being the last in the PRC. Its nominal GDP in 2007 was just 83.4 billion yuan US$11 billion and a per capita GDP of 13,743 yuan US$1,807. It contributes 0.3% of the national economy. Ningxia is the principal region of China where wolfberries are grown. Universities Ningxia University Ningxia Medical College The Second Northwest Institute For Ethnic Minorities Tourism One of Ningxia's main tourist spots is the famous Xixia Tombs site located 30 km west of Yinchuan. The remnants of nine Western Xia emperors' tombs and two hundred other tombs lie within a 50-km² area. Other famous sites in Ningxia include Helan Shan, the mysterious 108 dagobas, the twin pagodas of Baisikou and the desert research outpost at Shapatou. Gallery Western Xia Tombs From a cable car running to the top of Helan Shan Aerial view of Yinchuan People's Square in Yinchuan Fountain in Yinchuan The 108 dagobas near Qingtongxia Wolfberry harvest celebration See also List of laojiaos in Ningxia Notes ^ Close, U., and McCormick 1922 Where the mountains walked National Geographic Magazine 415: pp.445-464. ^ Feng, X. and Guo, A. 1985 Earthquake landslides in China In Proceedings, IVth International Conference and Field Workshop on Landslides pp. 339-346, Japan Landslide Society, Tokyo, OCLC 70324350. ^ Haines, Lester 19 July 2006.Chinese black helicopters circle Google Earth. The Register ^ Cassidy, Katherine 13 September 2006. Armchair Sleuths Uncover Strange Military Sites in China. McClatchy Newspapers / Real Cities Network. External links Find more about Ningxia on 's sister projects: Dictionary definitions Textbooks Quotations Source texts Images and media News stories Learning resources Ningxia Government website Ningxia travel guide from Wikitravel v d e Province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China Provinces Anhui · Fujian · Gansu · Guangdong · Guizhou · Hainan · Hebei · Heilongjiang · Henan · Hubei · Hunan · Jiangsu · Jiangxi · Jilin · Liaoning · Qinghai · Shaanxi · Shandong · Shanxi · Sichuan · Yunnan · Zhejiang Flag of the People's Republic of China Autonomous regions Guangxi · Inner Mongolia · Ningxia · Tibet · Xinjiang Municipalities Beijing · Chongqing · Shanghai · Tianjin SARs Hong Kong · Macau v d e Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region History Politics Economy Prefecture-level cities Guyuan Shizuishan Wuzhong Yinchuan Zhongwei Hunan in China See also: List of Ningxia County-level divisions Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Ningxia Categories: Ningxia | Autonomous regions of the People's Republic of China Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages العربية БългарÑ?ки Català Česky Dansk Deutsch Eesti Español Esperanto Euskara Français í•œêµì–´ हिनà¥?दी Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ქáƒ?რთული Lietuvių Magyar Bahasa Melayu Nederlands 日本語 ‪Norsk bokmÃ¥l‬ ‪Norsk nynorsk‬ Polski Português Română РуÑ?Ñ?кий Srpskohrvatski / СрпÑ?кохрватÑ?ки Suomi Svenska Tagalog ไทย Tiếng Việt ä¸æ–‡ This page was last modified on 8 August 2008, at 04:19
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