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20-September-2008 09:29:07 - Qinghai Coordinates: 36°0'N, 96°0'E Qinghai Province Chinese : é?’æµ·çœ? QÄ«nghÇŽi ShÄ›ng Abbreviations: é?’ pinyin: QÄ«ng Qinghai is highlighted on this map Origin of name From Mongolian Köke NaÉ£ur: Köke - blue NaÉ£ur - Lake blue lake Lake Qinghai In Chinese: é?’ qÄ«ng - green/blue æµ· hÇŽi - sea green sea Administration type Province Capital and largest city Xining CPC Ctte Secretary Qiang Wei Governor Song Xiuyan Area 721,000 km² 278,000 sq mi 4th Population 2004 - Density 5,390,000 30th 7.48 /km² 19.4 /sq mi 30th GDP 2007 - per capita CNY 76.1 billion 30th CNY 13,836 23rd HDI 2005 0.684 medium 27th Major nationalities Han - 54% Tibetan - 23% Hui - 16% Tu - 4% Salar - 1.8% Mongol - 1.8% Prefecture-level 8 divisions County-level 43 divisions Township-level†429 divisions ISO 3166-2 CN-63 Official website http://www.qh.gov.cn/ Simplified Chinese Source for population and GDP data: 《ä¸å›½ç»Ÿè®¡å¹´é‰´-2005》 China Statistical Yearbook 2005 ISBN 7503747382 Source for nationalities data: 《2000年人å?£æ™®æŸ¥ä¸å›½æ°‘æ—?人å?£èµ„料》 Tabulation on nationalities of 2000 population census of China ISBN 7105054255 †As at December 31, 2004 Template â– Discussion â– China Qinghai Chinese name Chinese: é?’æµ· Transliterations Mandarin - Hanyu Pinyin: QÄ«nghÇŽi - Wade-Giles: Ch'ing-hai - Postal Map: Tsinghai Audio|zh-Qinghai.ogg|Listen Manchu name Manchu: Huhu Noor Mongolian name Mongolian: Köke Naγur Tibetan name Tibetan: མཚོ་སྔོན་ Transliterations - Wylie: mtsho sngon Qinghai help·info é?’æµ·, qÄ«nghÇŽi is a province of the People's Republic of China, named after Qinghai Lake. It borders Gansu on the northeast, the Xinjiang Autonomous Region on the northwest, Sichuan on the southeast, and Tibet Autonomous Region on the southwest. Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Administrative divisions 4 Politics 5 Economy 6 Demographics 7 Culture 8 Transportation 9 Telecommunications 10 Tourism 11 Colleges and universities 12 See also 13 References 14 External links History Qinghai was only relatively recently made a province of China. The area, historically called Kokonor in English until the early 20th century, lies outside of China proper and has been an ethnic melting pot for centuries, mixing Tibetan, Han Chinese, Mongol, and Turkic influences. It was a battleground during the Tang and subsequent Chinese dynasties when they fought against successive Tibetan dynasties.1 Prior to 1724, the area that is now Qinghai was under Tibetan control, but in that year it was conquered by the armies of the Qing Dynasty.2 Following the defeat of the Dzungars by the Qing in the mid 18th century, the area became home to peoples from what is now northern Xinjiang known as the Kokonor Mongols Kokonor derives from the Mongolian language name of Qinghai. In 1807, there was a rebellion by Tibetan people in the region. In 1928, Qinghai became a province of the Republic of China. Subsequently it became the primary base for warlord Ma Bufang, before it became a province under the People's Republic of China in 1949. Geography Qinghai is located on the northeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau. The Yellow River Huang He originates in the middle of the province, while the Yangtze and Mekong have their sources in the southwestern part. The average elevation of Qinghai is over 3000 meters above sea level. Mountain ranges include the Tanggula Mountains and Kunlun Mountains. Its average temperature is approximately -5 to 8°C, with January temperatures ranging from -18.2 to -7°C and July temperatures ranging from 5 to 21°C. It is also prone to heavy winds as well as sandstorms from February to April. By area, Qinghai is the largest province in China - excluding the autonomous regions of Xinjiang, Tibet, and Inner Mongolia, which are technically not provinces. Qinghai Lake Koko Nor is the largest lake in the People's Republic of China. Administrative divisions Main article: List of administrative divisions of Qinghai Qinghai is administratively divided into one prefecture-level city, one prefecture, and six autonomous prefectures: Prefecture-level city Xining 西å®? XinÃng Shì Prefecture Haidong 海东 HÇŽidÅ?ng Diqu Autonomous prefectures Golog 果洛è—?æ—?自治州 GuÇ’luò Zà ngzú ZìzhìzhÅ?u Haibei 海北è—?æ—?自治州 HÇŽibÄ›i Zà ngzú ZìzhìzhÅ?u Hainan æµ·å?—è—?æ—?自治州 HÇŽinán Zà ngzú ZìzhìzhÅ?u Haixi 海西蒙å?¤æ—?è—?æ—?自治州 HÇŽixÄ« MÄ›nggÇ”zú Zà ngzú ZìzhìzhÅ?u Huangnan 黄å?—è—?æ—?自治州 Huángnán Zà ngzú ZìzhìzhÅ?u Yushu çŽ‰æ ‘è—?æ—?自治州 Yùshù Zà ngzú ZìzhìzhÅ?u All of these are in turn divided into four districts, two county-level cities, thirty counties, and seven autonomous counties. Politics Secretaries of the CPC Qinghai Committee Order Romanji Hanzi Governance period 1 Zhang Zhongliang å¼ ä»²è‰¯ 1949-1954 2 Zhao Shoushan 赵寿山 1952 3 Gao Feng 高峰 1954-1961 4 Wang Zhao çŽ‹æ˜ 1961-1962 5 Yang Zhilin æ?¨æ¤?霖 1962-1966 6 Liu Xianquan 刘贤æ?ƒ 1967-1977 7 Tan Qilong è°å?¯é¾™ 1977-1979 8 Liang Buting æ¢?æ¥åº 1979-1982 9 Zhao Haifeng 赵海峰 1982-1985 10 Yin Kesheng 尹克å?‡ 1985-1997 11 Tian Chengping ç”°æˆ?å¹³ 1997-1999 12 Bai Enpei 白æ?©åŸ¹ 1999-2001 13 Su Rong è‹?è?£ 2001-2003 14 Zhao Leji èµµä¹?é™… 2003-2007 15 Qiang Wei 强å?« 2007-incumbent Governors of Qinghai Order Romanji Hanzi Governance period 1 Zhao Shoushan 赵寿山 1950-1952 2 Zhang Zhongliang å¼ ä»²è‰¯ 1952-1954 3 Sun Zuobin å™ä½œå®¾ 1954-1958 4 Sun Junyi å™å?›ä¸€ 1958 5 Yuan Renyuan è¢?任远 1958-1962 6 Wang Zhao çŽ‹æ˜ 1962-1967 7 Liu Xianquan 刘贤æ?ƒ 1967-1977 8 Tan Qilong è°å?¯é¾™ 1977-1979 9 Zhang Guosheng å¼ å›½å£° 1979-1982 10 Huang Jingbo 黄é?™æ³¢ 1982-1985 11 Song Ruixiang 宋瑞祥 1985-1989 12 Jin Jipeng 金基é¹? 1989-1992 13 Tian Chengping ç”°æˆ?å¹³ 1992-1997 14 Bai Enpei 白æ?©åŸ¹ 1997-1999 15 Zhao Leji èµµä¹?é™… 1999-2003 16 Yang Chuantang æ?¨ä¼ å ‚ 2003-2004 17 Song Xiuyan 宋秀岩 2004-incumbent Economy Qinghai's economy is amongst the smallest in all of China. Its nominal GDP for 2007 was just 76.1 billion RMB US$10 billion and contributes to a little over 0.3% of the entire country's economy. Per capita GDP was 13,836 RMB US$1,820. Its heavy industry includes iron and steel productions, located near its capital city of Xining. Oil and natural gas from the Chaidamu Basin have also been an important contributor to the economy. Demographics The population of Qinghai is approximately 5.2 million, among which the Han account for 54.5%. Other groups include the Tibetans 20.87%, Tu, Hui, Salar, and Mongols. Culture Qinghai's culture is heavily influenced by China proper and Tibet, given the close proximities as well as a shared history. Qinghai was also vital to such European eras as the Reformation, and the Renaissance as numerous Chinese inventions like the compass and the printing press all flowed through the Silk Road, which was vital to the economydubious - discuss. Transportation See also: Transportation in China The Lanqing Railway, running between Lanzhou, Gansu and Xining, the province's capital, was completed in 1959 and is the major transportation route in and out of the province. A continuation of the line, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway through Golmud, has become one of the most ambitious projects in PRC history. It was completed in October 2005 and now links Tibet with the rest of China through Qinghai. Six National Highways run through the province. Xining Caojiabu Airport provides service to Beijing, Lanzhou, Golmud and Delingha. Telecommunications See also: Telecommunications industry in China Since the Ministry of Information Industry began its Access to Telephones Project, Qinghai has invested 640 million yuan to provide telephone access to 3860 out its 4133 administrative villages. At the end of 2006, 299 towns had received Internet access. However, 6.6 percent of villages in the region still have no access to the telephone. These villages are mainly scattered in Qingnan Area, with 90 percent of them located in Yushu and Guoluo. The average altitude of these areas exceeds 3600 meters, and the poor natural conditions hamper the establishment of telecommunication facilities in the region. Satellite phones have been provided to 186 remote villages in Qinghai Province on September 14, 2007. The areas benefited were Yushu Zang Autonomous Prefecture and Guoluo Zang Autonomous Prefecture. Qinghai has recently been provided with satellite telephone access. In June 2007, China Satcom carried out an in-depth survey in Yushu and Guoluo, and made a special satellite phones for these areas. Two phones were provided to each village for free, and calls were charged at the rate of 0.2 yuan per minute for both local and national calls, with the extra charges assumed by China Satcom. No monthly rent was charged on the satellite phone. International calls were also available. Tourism Qinghai Lake from space, November 1994. Qinghai Lake from space, November 1994. Many tourist attractions center on Xining, the provincial seat of Qinghai. The city itself has such notable stops, including the Great Mosque of Xining 清真大寺, qÄ«ngzhÄ“n dà sì and North Mountain Temple 北山寺, bÄ›ishÄ?n sì. Outside Xining lie two notable attractions: The Kumbum Monastery Tibetan: sKu 'bum dKon pa塔尔寺, tÇŽ'Ä›r sì, one of the most important Yellow Hat Sect monasteries, lies 30 km outside Xining. It also features the Hall of Yak Butter Sculptures. Qinghai Lake é?’æµ·æ¹–, qÄ«nghÇŽi hú is another tourist attraction, albeit further from Xining than Kumbum. The lake is the largest saltwater lake in China, and is also located on the Roof of the World, the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The lake itself lies at 3,600m elevation. The surrounding area is made up of rolling grasslands and populated by ethnic Tibetans. Most pre-arranged tours stop at Bird Island 鸟岛, niÇŽo dÇŽo. An international bicycle race takes place annually from Xining to Qinghai Lake. Colleges and universities Qinghai University Qinghai Normal University Qinghai Radio Television University See also Geladandong References ^ Purdue - Tibetan history. ^ The Times Atlas of World History. Maplewood, New Jersey: Hammond, 1989 p. 175 External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Qinghai Qinghai Government website Qinghai travel guide from Wikitravel v d e Province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China Provinces Anhui · Fujian · Gansu · Guangdong · Guizhou · Hainan · Hebei · Heilongjiang · Henan · Hubei · Hunan · Jiangsu · Jiangxi · Jilin · Liaoning · Qinghai · Shaanxi · Shandong · Shanxi · Sichuan · Yunnan · Zhejiang Flag of the People's Republic of China Autonomous regions Guangxi · Inner Mongolia · Ningxia · Tibet · Xinjiang Municipalities Beijing · Chongqing · Shanghai · Tianjin SARs Hong Kong · Macau v d e Qinghai Province History · Politics · Economy Prefecture-level city Xining Hunan in China Prefecture Haidong Autonomous prefectures Golog · Haibei · Hainan · Haixi · Huangnan · Yushu See also: List of Qinghai County-level divisions Retrieved from http://en..org/wiki/Qinghai Categories: Qinghai | Provinces of the People's Republic of ChinaHidden categories: All pages needing cleanup | Articles with disputed statements Views Article Discussion this page History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Search Go Search Interaction Community portal Recent changes Contact Donate to Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page Languages العربية Bân-lâm-gú བོད་ཡིག БългарÑ?ки Català Česky Dansk Deutsch Eesti Español Esperanto Euskara Ù?ارسی Français Gaeilge Gaelg í•œêµì–´ हिनà¥?दी Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Kapampangan Kiswahili Latina Lietuvių Magyar Bahasa Melayu Nederlands 日本語 ‪Norsk bokmÃ¥l‬ ‪Norsk nynorsk‬ Polski Português Română РуÑ?Ñ?кий Suomi Svenska Tagalog ไทย Tiếng Việt Türkçe ä¸æ–‡ This page was last modified on 15 August 2008, at 16:18
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